不同氮素水平对棉花功能叶生理特性、植株性状及产量构成的影响

不同施氮量处理(高氮:375.0 kg/hm2;中氮:187.5 kg/hm2;低氮:0 kg/hm2)对棉花主茎功能叶生理特性和产量性状影响的研究结果表明:①不同氮肥水平对主茎功能叶中碳水化合物代谢及蛋白质含量有重要的影响。高氮对主茎功能叶碳水化合物的积累有一定的抑制作用,但促进了蛋白质的合成。②不同施氮量对棉花的生长有一定调节效应,与中氮、低氮相比,高氮明显提高了棉株高度和叶面积指数,延长了叶片的功能期,但对生育进程影响较小。③中氮水平下功能叶光合速率高于高氮和低氮处理,低氮处理下加速了群体叶片的衰老。④不同氮肥处理的棉花产量:中氮>高氮>低氮,表明中氮条件下源库关系比较协调,叶片合成的光合产物向棉铃的输送效率较高,能促进棉铃数量增多、库容扩大、产量提高。

Effects of different levels of nitrogen on physiological characteristics of function leaf and plant traits and yield components of cotton

Bt-transgenic hybrid cotton CCRI29 was used, the effects of physiological characteristics of function leaf,plant traits and yield components by applying different levels of nitrogen fertilizer(375.0 kg/hm~2,high N;187.5 kg/hm~2,middle N;0 kg/hm~2,low N) in the field were studied.The main results are as follows:① Changing nitrogen application amount had some effects on carbohydrate metabolism and protein content of function leaf on the stem.Carbohydrate synthesis was inhibited under high nitrogen treatment,but protein content was heightened.The soluble protein content of leaf was the lowest under the treatment of low-nitrogen.② Compared with mid-nitrogen and low-nitrogen,high-nitrogen boosted the plant height and leaf area index,which extended leaf function period,but had little effect on development date.③ Photosynthesis rate of function leaf was the highest under the condition of middle nitrogen.But photosynthesis was reduced under low-nitrogen level,which accelerated the leaf senescence.The soluble protein content of leaf was the lowest under the treatment of low-nitrogen,which accelerated the leaf senescence.④ There was significant difference between the lint yields of different nitrogen conditions and the order of lint yield was mid-nitrogen > high-nitrogen > low-nitrogen.