3种入药甘草的种子特征及鉴别指标研究

分别对‘甘草’、‘光果甘草’、‘胀果甘草’3种甘草属植物的果穗、果荚及种子进行了形态学描述,测量了果穗的大小、果穗中的果荚数,果荚的大小、果荚中的种子数,种子大小、种子直径和千粒质量.结果表明:‘胀果甘草’种子直径最大,为2.93mm,‘光果甘草’种子直径最小,为2.55mm,‘甘草’略小于‘胀果甘草’,为2.92mm;‘胀果甘草’千粒质量最大,为10.7g,‘光果甘草’千粒质量最小,为6.2g,‘甘草’的千粒质量介于两者之间,为6.9g;‘光果甘草’单个果穗平均种子产量最大,为0.832g,‘甘草’最小,只有0.400g,‘胀果甘草’介于两者之间,为0.688g;通过肉眼观察果穗和果荚形态学特征容易将3种甘草区分,通过研究种子形态特征和鉴别指标也可将3种甘草明准确区分.

Study on characteristics and identify indexes of three kinds of medicine licorice seeds

The morphology study of ears,pods and seeds of three kinds of Glycyrrhiza,and the sizes of ear,the numer of pods per ear,the sizes of pods,the number of seeds,the sizes of seeds,seed diameter and thousand seed weight are carried out and measured.The results indicated that Glycyrrhiza inflate has the maximum diameter of 2.93 mm,Glycyrrhiza glabra has the minimum diameter of 2.55 mm,and Glycyrrhiza uralensis seed is 2.92 mm in diameter,slightly smaller than that of the Glycyrrhiza inflate seeds.Glycyrrhiza inflate has the biggest thousand seed weight of 10.7 g,Glycyrrhiza uralensis’ is 6.9 g;and Glycyrrhiza glabra has the smallest thousand seed weight of 6.2 g.Glycyrrhiza glabra has the maximum seed yield per ear of 0.832 g,Glycyrrhiza uralensis has the minimum seed yield per ear of 0.400 g,and Glycyrrhiza inflate’s seed yield per ear between them is 0.688 g.Through observing ears and pods with an unaided eye could distinguish the 3 kinds of licorices,while the seed characteristics and identify indexes could also accurately distinguish the 3 kinds of licorices.