整合素αv在牦牛繁殖周期输卵管不同部位中的表达与定位

旨在探究整合素αv在牦牛繁殖周期输卵管不同部位的表达差异，为进一步了解整合素αv在牦牛生殖过程中发挥的作用提供理论依据。本研究采集卵泡期、黄体期和妊娠期健康母牦牛（3~6岁）的输卵管伞部、壶腹部和峡部样品，将卵泡期、黄体期和妊娠期输卵管分别按照伞部、壶腹部和峡部分为9组，采用实时荧光定量PCR（qRT-PCR）和蛋白免疫印迹法（Western-blotting，WB）检测整合素αv基因和蛋白的表达情况，运用免疫组织化学法检测整合素αv的定位。结果表明：1）qRT-PCR结果显示，在卵泡期，整合素αv基因在输卵管伞部的表达量最高，极显著高于壶腹部和峡部（P<0.01）；在黄体期，整合素αv基因在输卵管峡部的表达量最高，极显著高于伞部和壶腹部（P<0.01）；在妊娠期，整合素αv基因在输卵管伞部的表达量最高，极显著高于壶腹部和峡部（P<0.01）。2）Western-blotting结果显示，在卵泡期，整合素αv蛋白在输卵管伞部的表达量最高，极显著高于壶腹部和峡部（P<0.01）；在黄体期，整合素αv蛋白在输卵管峡部的表达量最高，极显著高于伞部和壶腹部（P<0.01）；在妊娠期，整合素αv蛋白在输卵管峡部和伞部的表达差异不显著，但二者极显著高于壶腹部（P<0.01）。3）免疫组织化学结果显示，整合素αv主要分布于输卵管伞部、壶腹部和峡部的纤毛细胞、分泌细胞、基细胞、肌层和浆液腺中。结果显示，整合素αv在牦牛繁殖周期输卵管不同部位中的表达存在显著差异，说明其可能参与了牦牛受精及早期胚胎发育等一系列生殖过程，为牦牛的繁殖性能研究提供了基础资料。

Expression and Localization of Integrin αv in Different Parts of the Fallopian Tube in Reproduction Cycle of Yak

The objective of this study was to explore the expression differences of integrin αv in different parts of the fallopian tube at different reproduction stages of yak, and provide some important theoretical foundations for understanding the effect of integrin αv on the reproductive performance of yak. The samples of the tubal umbrella, ampulla, and isthmus of healthy female yaks (3-6 years old) during follicular, luteal and pregnancy stages were collected, the fallopian tubes of the follicular phase, the luteal phase and the pregnancy phase were divided into 9 groups according to the umbrella, ampulla and isthmus. Real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western-blotting (WB) were used to detect the expression of integrin αv gene and protein. The expression of integrin αv protein was localized by immunohistochemistry. Results: 1) qRT-PCR results showed that, during the follicular phase, the expression of the integrin αv gene in the umbrella of the fallopian tube was the highest and extremely significantly higher than those in the ampulla and isthmus (P<0.01). During the luteal phase, the expression of the integrin αv gene in the isthmus of the fallopian tube was the highest and extremely significantly higher than those in the umbrella and ampulla (P<0.01). During the pregnancy phase, the expression of the integrin αv gene in the umbrella of the fallopian tube was the highest and extremely significantly higher than those in the ampulla and isthmus (P<0.01). 2) Western-blotting results showed that, during the follicular phase, the expression of integrin αv protein in the umbrella of the fallopian tube was the highest and extremely significantly higher than those in the ampulla and isthmus (P<0.01). During the luteal phase, the expression of integrin αv protein in the isthmus of the fallopian tube was the highest and extremely significantly higher than those in the umbrella and ampulla (P<0.01). During the pregnancy phase, the expression of integrin αv protein in tubal isthmus and umbrella was not significantly different, but these were extremely significantly higher than that in the ampulla (P<0.01). 3) The results of immunohistochemistry showed that integrin αv protein was positively expressed in ciliated cells, secretory cells, basal cells, muscular layers and serous glands of the fallopian tube umbrella, ampulla and isthmus. The results indicated that the expression of integrin αv in different parts of the fallopian tube at different reproduction stages of the yak were significantly different, which showed that αv might be involved in a series of reproductive processes such as fertilization and early embryonic development, the results provided basic information for the study of yak's reproductive performance.