整合生物学先验信息的全基因组选择方法及其在家畜育种中的应用进展

相较于传统的育种方法，全基因组选择（genomic selection，GS）通过对拟留种的个体进行早期选择和增加选择的准确性进而加快育种的遗传进展。通过改进GS方法无法再缩短育种的世代间隔，因而如何提高GS的准确性以获得额外的遗传进展一直是GS研究的核心问题。当前，各种组学技术不断成熟，从公开的资料或前期的研究积累获取生物学先验信息已比较容易。因而，如何在GS模型中整合已知的先验信息进而提高GS的准确性以获得额外的遗传进展成为当前育种研究的热点问题。本文对生物学先验信息的类型以及整合先验信息的GS方法进行综述，探讨了这些方法在家畜育种中的应用和前景，以期为家畜育种中开展整合生物学先验信息的GS研究提供借鉴与参考。

The Method of Genomic Selection by Integrating Biological Prior Information and Its Application in Livestock Breeding

Compared to the traditional breeding methods, genomic selection (GS) accelerates the genetic progress of breeding by early selection and increasing the accuracy of selection for the individuals to be retained. It is unlikely shortened the generation interval by improving the GS methods. Therefore, how to improve the accuracy of GS to obtain additional genetic progress is the core issue of GS research. With the development of omics technology, it becomes possible to obtain multi-omics biological prior information from the public available databases or the in-house research. Therefore, how to integrate this useful biological prior information into GS models to improve the accuracy of GS has become an important topic in current animal breeding research. In this paper, the types of biological prior information and the GS methods that can integrate prior information is reviewed. Then,the application and prospects of these methods applied to livestock breeding is discussed. It is expected to provide useful information for the GS research that integrates biological prior information on livestock breeding.