苹果叶面附生微生物区系及其有益菌的研究 Ⅰ.叶面附生微生物区系的初步研究

本文分析了同一生态条件下苹果褐斑病的抗感品种的叶面微生物类群，结果表明：①不同抗感品种的叶片、感病品种中已感病的叶片、未感病叶片的叶面附生微生物数量和组成不同；②苹果叶面附生微生物由真菌、细菌、酵母菌、放线菌及自生固氮菌组成；③在苹果的整个生育期里，真菌中的以Cladosporium、Alternaria、Penicillium等出现频率较高；细菌中Bacillius、Pseudomonas、Xanthomonas等的出现频率较高，放线菌有Streptomyces；酵母菌中Aureobasidium、Cryptoccaceae等的出现频率较高；④在苹果生育期中，苹果叶面微生物的数量在盛花期有所下降，以后逐渐上升，果实膨大期达到最大值。

STUDY ON THE EPIPHYTIC MICROFLORA AND BENEFICAL MICROORGANISMS OF APPLE LEAF SURFCE Ⅰ.PRELIMINA STUDIES ON THE EPIPHYTIC MICROFLORA OF APPLE LEAF SURFACE

The authors analysed the epiphytic microfiora of apple leaf surfacein the same conditions with infected and unfected leayes to apple blotb, Theresults showel that the quantities and populations of the epiphytic microorganisms related to the apple varieties, to the infected and unfected leaves in thesame variety. Among the growing period, miorobia l yopulations were diffenent.The main group of the fungi included Cladospria,Penicillium; Themain group of the bacterium include Bacillius,Psendomonas,Xanthomonas;Themain guoup of the yeasts included Aureobasidium,Cryptoccaceae;The actinomyceswere Streptomyces.And the microbal populations were low ebb in the prosperousflower period, afterwards, It increased genetarlly.