辐照螺旋藻粉的杀菌效果对营养活性成分的影响

研究了60Coγ射线辐照螺旋藻粉的杀菌效果及对其主要营养活性成分、矿物质、维生素、氨基酸含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性的影响。结果表明:经6.0 kGy辐照处理后,螺旋藻粉样品中微生物指标均达到国家标准。当剂量为4.0~8.0 kGy时,对螺旋藻中矿物质(除Se)和氨基酸含量无显著影响;螺旋藻中多糖含量随剂量增加有所增加,经6.0和8.0 kGy辐照后多糖分别增加了9%和27.2%;SOD、POD活性在辐照后有所降低,藻胆蛋白、藻蓝蛋白和维生素含量则明显下降;剂量达6 kGy以上时,藻胆蛋白和藻蓝蛋白含量显著低于对照;4.0、6.0、8.0 kGy剂量辐照后VC分别减少了40.6%、62.8%和14.1%,VA分别减少了36.3%、17.6%和17.0%,VE分别减少了25.8%、61.7%和52.6%。综合试验结果,提出螺旋藻粉辐照杀菌的适宜剂量范围为4.0~6.0 kGy。

DECONTAMINATIVE EFFECT OF IRRADIATION ON SPIRULINA POWDER AND ITS ACTIVE COMPONENTS

The decontaminative effects of()~(60)Co γ-rays,irradiation on spirulina powder and its main active components,such as mineral,vitamin,amino acid and activities of SOD and POD were studied.The results showed that the irradiation treatment was very effective on eliminating microorganism in spirulina powder,and the components varied with the irradiation dose.In the range of 4.0～8.0kGy,the higher the irradiation dose is,the more the content of polysaccharide is.On the contrary,contents of phycobiliprotei,phycocyanins,vitamin and activities of SOD,POD decrease with the increase of dose.The number of microorganism in spirulina powder was controled the national standard when irradiation dose was 6.0 kGy.Compared with CK,the ranges of all components in irradiated Spirulina powder are just like that there was 27.2% increase in the content of polysaccharide if irradiation dose was 8 kGy,and the contents of Phycobiliprotei and Phycocyanins decreased significantly if dose was more than 6.0 kGy.When dose ranged from 4 kGy to 8kGy,decrease ratios to contents of V_C are 40.6%,62.8%,14.1%, contents of V_A are 36.3%,17.6%,17.0%,contents of V_E are 25.8%,61.7%,52.6%.On the base of these results,we conclude that the optimal doses for Spirulina powder irradiation is in the range of 4.0～6.0 kGy for the sake of various quality factors.