Anatrichosoma sp. in the footpads of a cat: Diagnosis and pathology of Namibian case

Anatrichosoma species are an unusual group of zoonotic trichuroid nematodes. Due to limited knowledge of their life cycle and diagnostic challenges, anatrichosomiasis has been reported only 3 times in domestic animals. A short-haired cat from central Windhoek, Namibia, presented with ulceration, swelling, and sepsis on all four paws, a severe generalized lymphadenopathy and considerable invasive eosinophilia. Histological analysis revealed epidermal hyperplasia, with severe serocellular crusting on the skin surface. One specimen revealed a series of thick-walled eggs within nematode segments with a few sections containing eggs with bioperculate appearance which is compatible with the Aphasmid group of nematodes, more specifically, the genus Anatrichosoma. Ivermectin treatment completely cleared the condition. This is the first report of Anatrichosoma sp. in the Republic of Namibia, identified from a unique location in the capital, Windhoek.