67份美国小麦品种矮秆基因的分子标记检测

为了明确矮秆基因在美国小麦品种中的分布特点并发掘较少利用的矮秆基因，本研究利用8个小麦矮秆基因的特异分子标记对67份美国小麦品种中的矮秆基因进行了检测。结果表明，67份美国小麦品种中，超过80%的品种（56个）含有矮秆基因，其中 Rht-B1b和 Rht8基因频率较高，分别占62.7%和43.3%。仅有5个品种含有 Rht-D1b基因，同时发现3个品种含有 Rht5基因，2个品种含有 Rht12基因，未发现含有 Rht4、 Rht9和 Rht13基因的品种。在含有矮秆基因的品种中，35.8%的品种含有2个或2个以上的矮秆基因。其中有1个品种同时含有3个矮秆基因，有20个品种同时含有 Rht-B1b和 Rht8基因，有3个品种同时含有 Rht-D1b和 Rht8基因，有1个品种同时含有 Rht-D1b和 Rht12基因，其余32个品种各含有1个矮秆基因。本研究未发现同时含有 Rht-B1b、 Rht-D1b、 Rht8以及同时含有 Rht-B1b、 Rht-D1b的品种。

Distribution of Dwarfing Genes in 67 American Wheat Cultivars Detected by Molecular Markers

It was important, that understanding dwarfing genes distribution in wheat accessions from American and finding out rarely used dwarfing genes by using molecular marker technique, to the improvement of the foreign wheat use levels. In this study, eight pairs of molecular markers were used to identify dwarfing genes in 67 American wheat cultivars. The result showed that more than 80% cultivars contain dwarfing genes, in which Rht-B1b and Rht8 had been utilized with the higher percentage of 62.7% and 43.3% respectively; only five cultivars contain Rht-D1b, and three contain Rht5, two contain Rht12, none contains Rht4, Rht9 and Rht13. Among these cultivars respectively containing dwarfing genes, 35.8% contain two or more kinds of dwarfing genes, in which one cultivar contains three dwarfing genes, twenty cultivars contain Rht-B1b and Rht8, three contain Rht-D1b and Rht8, and one contains Rht-D1b and Rht12, the remaining thirty-two only contain one dwarfing gene. In this study, no cultivar had been found which contains Rht-B1b, Rht-D1b and Rht8 or Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b at the same time.