耙齿式垄作花生残膜回收机设计及参数优化

为解决垄作花生收获后残膜回收问题,针对耙齿式残膜回收机进行试验研究及参数优化使其适用于垄作花生残膜回收。针对主要工作部件进行研究,确定整机结构参数。前、中、后耙齿直径分别为10、8、8 mm;耙齿材料为65号锰钢;耙齿入土角度α范围为10°~35°;3排齿的齿间距分别为120、100、80 mm;对机具前进速度,耙齿入土深度,耙齿曲率半径进行试验且做了MATLAB四维切片和响应面分析,可知3个因素对残膜回收率均有显著影响,影响程度依次为:机具前进速度耙齿入土深度耙齿曲率半径。应用Design expert寻优功能进行优化,优化后机具前进速度1.2 m/s,耙齿入土深度11 mm,耙齿曲率半径222 mm,残膜回收率为93%。经田间试验验证,证明了该优化方案的可行性,将为相关设备的改进提供理论依据。

Design and parameter optimization on teeth residue plastic film collector of ridged peanut

Abstract: With the increasing use of agricultural plastic film, the pollution it bringing is becoming more and more serious. It has become a problem which needs to be solved urgently. In China, the plant areas of peanut were expanded to 460.6 hm2 in 2014, which accounted for about 17.9% of the global area of peanut crops. And its output reached to 16.4817 million tons in the same year, which accounted for about 38.9 % of the global production of peanut yields. Therefore, design and experiment on plastic film collector of ridged peanut means a great deal to us. The collecting film teeth residue plastic film collector of ridged peanut was designed, and the whole structure and working mechanism of the machine were introduced. Therefore, the main operation components of it were designed and the structure parameters were determined at last. To solve the problem of residual film recycling after peanuts harvest, we designed the plastic film residue collector, and then optimized its parameters. The key structural parameters were determined by mechanism analysis and tests. The collecting film teeth diameter of the first row, the second row, and the third row were set as 10, 8 and 8 mm, respectively. The harrowing tooth was made of No.65 manganese steel, and the harrowing tooth''s lug angle ranges from 10° to 35°. The collecting film teeth space on the first row, the second row, and the third row were 120, 100 and 80 mm, respectively. The four-dimensional slice of MATLAB and response surface analysis was done on the machine speed, the harrowing tooth''s lug depth and its radius of curvature. The quadratic regression model between film removing ratio and machine operating speed, the embedded depth of the rake, tooth curvature radius was built. The optimal structure parameters of plastic film residue collector were obtained by response surface analysis. The response surface analysis of the model was optimized, and the effect of 3 factors on the recovery of the residual membrane was significant. The order of strength is: machine operating speed> embedded depth of the collecting film teeth > collecting film teeth curvature radius. The machine was optimized by parameter optimization. The machine operating speed, depth of collecting film teeth, tooth''s radius of curvature of machine was 1.2 m/s, 11mm, and 222 mm, respectively. And film recycling rate was about 93% through the field test. Its relative error was 2% compared with the predictive value. In conclusion, the optimization scheme was feasible. This paper could provide theoretical basis for optimization of related machines. With the preliminary experiment, the collecting film teeth residue plastic film collector of ridged peanut has good film quality, which meets the design requirements of plastic recycling machine. Removing mechanism on the collecting film teeth residue plastic film collector of ridged peanut is the further research.