KClO3诱导东魁杨梅成花的生理效应

研究不同KClO3浓度对6年生东魁杨梅成花过程生理生化的影响,结果表明:喷施KClO3后东魁杨梅叶片细胞受到伤害处于胁迫状态,丙二醛含量和电解质渗漏率显著增加.KClO3浓度低于1 500 mg·L-1时,叶绿素a、叶绿素b以及总叶绿素含量均显著增加,SOD、POD和CAT活性显著提高,导致叶片光合能力显著上升;生理分化期叶片蛋白质含量明显上升,可溶性糖含量降低;而形态分化期蛋白质含量下降,可溶性糖含量显著上升,可溶性糖/蛋白质比值显著增加,从而促进东魁杨梅的花芽分化.KClO3浓度高于1 500 mg·L-1时,叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量均降低;SOD、POD和CAT活性降低;导致叶片光合能力、可溶性糖含量以及可溶性糖/蛋白质比值显著下降,从而抑制东魁杨梅的花芽分化.结论是喷施1 000～ 1 500 mg·L-1 KClO3可显著提高东魁杨梅的成花率.

Physiological effect of potassium chlorate on flower bud formation in Myrica rubra cv. Dongkui

We used six-year old Myrica rubra cv. Dongkui trees as experimental materials to study the effect of potassium chlorate on selected biological indices of M. rubra tree leaf during flower bud differentiation. The results indicate that MDA content and electrolyte leakage remarkably increase after spurting potassium chlorate, compared with the control. When potassium chlorate concentration is lower than 1 500 mg·L^-1, chlorophyll a and b, and total chlorophyll content obviously increase. SOD, POD and CAT activity is remarkably enhanced, resulting in a remarkable rise in net photosynthetic rate. Soluble protein content obviously increases while soluble sugar reduces during physiological differentiation. However, soluble protein content drops and soluble sugar remarkable rises during morphological differentiation. Soluble sugar to protein content ratio increases significantly, enhancing flower bud differentiation in M. rubra. When potassium chlorate concentration is higher than 1 500 mg·L^-1, chlorophyll a and b, and total chlorophyll as well as carrot contents drop, SOD, POD and CAT activity decreases, reducing leaf photosynthetic ability, soluble sugar content and soluble sugar to protein ratio. This suppresses flower bud differentiation in M. rubra. It can therefore be inferred from the study that 1 000 mg·L^-1 to 1 500 mg·L^-1 potassium chlorate remarkably enhances flower induction.