番茄连作对日光温室土壤微生物及土壤理化性状的影响

对大庆地区具有代表性的温室进行调查研究,了解不同种植年限对番茄温室土壤微生物及土壤理化性状的影响,为解决温室土壤连作障碍问题奠定理论依据。结果表明,随着种植年限增加,细菌、真菌的数量及土壤速效钾、有效磷、碱解氮、有机质、盐分的含量呈增加趋势,种植年限为10年分别是对照(露地菜田)的2.14、1.33、2.18、2.09、1.96、2.86、9.5倍,土壤p H值相反,种植年限为10年比对照下降了0.64,但放线菌数量与B/F值(细菌+放线菌)/真菌]在第5年与第7年达到最高,呈现先增高再降低的趋势,分别比对照增加了34.12%、44.26%;随着土壤深度的增加,土壤微生物数量及土壤速效钾、有效磷、碱解氮、有机质、盐分含量降低,土壤含水量、p H值增加。综合分析番茄连作对土壤微生物和土壤理化性状的影响,番茄连作6年后出现一定程度的连作障碍问题。

Effects of continuous cropping of greenhouse tomato on soil microbial and soil physicochemical properties

Effects of different cropping years of the solar greenhouse tomato on soil microbial and soil physicochemical proper-ties were studied in Daqing area to provide the theoretical foundation for solving the problem of greenhouse soil continuous crop-ping obstacles. The results showed that, with the increasing of planting years, the amount of bacteria, fungi and the contents of soil available potassium, available phosphorus, available nitrogen, organic matter, and salt content showed an increasing trend, and those in the greenhouse of 10 years were 2. 14, 1. 33, 2. 18, 2. 09, 1. 96, 2. 86, 9. 5 times respectively of that in control. Soil pH was on the contrary, it decreased by 0. 64 in greenhouse soil of planting 10 years in comparison with CK. The number of actinomycetes and B/F line reached the maximum in the fifth year and seventh year, which showed a trend that increased firstly and then decreased, with a significant increment of 34. 12% and 44. 26%, respectively, compared to the control. With the increase of soil depth, the number of soil microorganisms, available potassium, available phosphorus, a-vailable nitrogen, organic matter content and salinity showed a decreasing trend, the water content and pH value showed an in-creasing trend. Based on the analysis on relevant factors which affecting soil microbial and soil physicochemical properties ac-tivities, it indicated that soil continuous cropping obstacles might occur after 6 years continuous cropping of tomato.