基于FVCOM渤海浅水分潮的特征分析

基于非结构有限体积法海洋模型FVCOM，对渤海潮波系统进行数值模拟。利用渤海沿岸共19个潮位站的资料对模拟结果进行验证，计算结果均与实测结果吻合良好。基于此进一步研究渤海3个主要浅水分潮M4、MS4和M6的主要特征，并与前人的研究成果进行对比。结果表明M4和MS4分潮传播特征相似，都存在5个无潮点，其中1个为顺时针旋转，而其余四个为逆时针旋转。对于M6分潮，结果显示存在9个无潮点，两个为顺时针，其余七个为逆时针。M4分潮振幅在近岸处可达25cm，约为M2分潮振幅的10％，MS4振幅次之，M6振幅最小，仅为M4分潮振幅的18%左右。三者振幅均为从外海向近岸迅速增大，表明浅水分潮振幅分布特征与海底地形关系密切。

Characteristics analysis of shallow water tidal constituents in the Bohai Sea based on FVCOM

The Bohai tidal wave system was numerically simulated by FVCOM. Data from 19 tidal stations along the Bohai sea coast are used to verify the simulation results, which are in good agreement with the measured results. Based on this, the main characteristics of M₄, MS₄ and M₆ of three main shallow water tidal constituents in Bohai sea were further studied and compared with previous research results. The results of this paper show that the propagation characteristics of M₄ and MS₄ are similar, and there are 5 amphidromic points, one of which rotates clockwise, while the other four rotate counterclockwise.For the M₆ tidal constituent, the results of this paper show that there are 9 amphidromic points, two are clockwise and the other seven are counterclockwise.The amplitude of M₄ component can reach 25cm near the shore, which is about 10% of the amplitude of M₂, followed by the amplitude of MS₄, and the amplitude of M₆ is the smallest, which is only about 18% of the amplitude of M₄.The amplitude distribution of shallow water tides is closely related to the seabed topography.