天长市一季稻气候适宜度及其变化特征分析

利用1961—2016年天长市光、热、水气候资源和一季稻的生育特点,分析气象因子对一季稻各生育期的影响,构建了天长一季稻气候适宜度模型,探讨气候变暖背景下一季稻气候适宜度演变特征。结果表明,天长一季稻生育期温度适宜度最大,日照适宜度次之,降水适宜度最小,即一季稻生育期光热资源充沛,降水量是主要的限制因子;从平均值来看,播种—三叶期、拔节—孕穗期及灌浆—成熟期气候适宜度较高,而移栽—返青期最低;1961—2016年天长一季稻全生育期气候适宜度略有减小趋势,气候适宜度年际波动大。

Analysis on Climate Suitability and Its Changing Characteristics of Single-season Rice in Tianchang City

Based on the climatic resources of light,heat,water in Tianchang City during 1961-2016 and the growth characteristics of single-season rice,the influence of meteorological factors on the growth period of single-season rice was analyzed,the climatic suitability model of single-season rice in Tianchang was constructed,the evolution characteristics of the climate suitability of single-season rice under the background of climate warming were explored.The results showed that the temperature suitability of the growth season of single-season rice was highest,the sunshine suitability was the second,the precipitation suitability was the least,that is,the light and heat resources were abundant during the growth season of single-season rice,and the precipitation was the main limiting factor.From the average point of view,the climatic suitability of sowing-three-leaf stage,jointing-booting stage and filling-maturing stage was higher,while the lowest was in transplanting-returning green stage.The climatic suitability of single-season rice in the whole growth period in Tianchang during 1961-2016 slightly decreased,and the climatic suitability fluctuated greatly from year to year.