紫荆群体表型性状多样性研究

以紫荆全分布区的7个天然群体为研究试材,另取2个栽培群体为对照,对当年生枝的叶片、荚果、种子等14个表型性状进行比较分析,讨论群体间和群体内的表型多样性。结果表明,紫荆种内表型性状在群体间和群体内存在着极其丰富的变异。群体平均表型分化系数(VST)为32.30%,群体内的变异贡献大于群体间的。紫荆表型性状与生态因子相关分析表明,其种内群体表型变异呈梯度规律性,随着海拔的升高,叶片和种子逐渐变大;随着经纬度的增加,荚果形状从窄条形向宽条形变异,种子形状从近圆形向椭圆形变异。利用主成分分析对8个群体进行了排序、归类(其中P6群体性状值缺失比较多,故未进行排序),分析表明8个群体大致可以划为天然和栽培两类,天然群体又可分为两亚类。天然紫荆与栽培紫荆在表型上已经产生了分化。

Study on Phenotypic Diversity of Population in Cersis chinensis

Based on field investigation and analysis of cersis chinensis, seven natural populations and two cultural populations were selected and investigated. Morphological diversities among/within populations were discussed on the basis of traits such as the leaf, the legume, and the seed. Analysis of variance for all traits showed that there was significantly different among populations and among individuals within populations. The mean phenotypic differentiation coefficient (VST) showed that the variation among populations (32.30%) was lower than that within populations. There existed correlations between the morphological traits and the factors of geography and climate. As the altitude became higher, the leaf and seed became bigger. The shape of legume changed from narrow-column to broad-column, the shape of seed changed from circle to oblong oval, upon increase of longitude and latitude. According to the principal component analysis of 8 populations out of 9, the populations of C. chinensis investigated could be divided into two classes, three subclasses. Natural populations had been differed from cultural populations on morphological traits.