固氮、解磷、解钾混合菌株协同固定化技术

圆褐固氮菌、巨大芽孢杆菌和硅酸盐细菌是微生物肥料中常用的几种固氮、解磷和解钾微生物菌株,为了延长这几种菌混合菌液的存活期和降低杂菌率,针对3种菌的混合菌液筛选了细胞包埋固定化材料,组合了2种配方,对比了2种包埋配方中3种菌的包埋条件、存活情况及释放情况,为固定化混合微生物菌剂的应用提供一定的理论基础。试验结果表明,2种包埋剂包埋的混合菌液的存活期均比直接保存菌液长,而且经包埋的颗粒中菌的数量还有一个缓慢的增加过程。2种包埋材料对混合菌的起始包埋能力不同,其中以配方1(3%海藻酸钠+1.0%褐煤+0.5%淀粉溶液)包埋效果较好,保存在包埋剂配方1:3%海藻酸钠+1.0%褐煤+0.5%淀粉溶液中的包埋颗粒内部菌的纯度高;配方2:3%海藻酸钠+1.5%褐煤+0.3%淀粉溶液+0.3%明胶溶液中的包埋颗粒内部容易滋生杂菌。虽然2种包埋剂配方效果有差异,但都有利于混合菌液、特别是芽孢菌的保存。

Study of Immobilization technique of Nitrogen-fixing Bacteria, Phosphobacteria and Silicate Bacteria used for Microbiological Fertilizer

Abstract: Immobilized microbiological fertilizer could extend the shelf-life and maintain the bacterium purity, however, the price of informed immobilization material was too high for large-scale production and unsuitable for all microbiological fertilizer strains. In this paper,immobilization of Bacillus megaterium,Bacillus mucilaginosus and Azotobocter chroococcum by entrapping agents was studied,in order to find the optimal material and the technique for the immobilization of the three bacterium, two formula invoved four materials was designed to test the survival and release rate of the three bacteriums ,therefore the possibility of immobilization of the three bacteriums used for microbiological fertilizer could be further discussed. Experiment result showed that the characteristics of the immobilization cells of the two formula was quite different. For the immobilization capacity of the three bacteriums, the better material was 3% sodium aginate +1% flyash +0.5% soluble starch, For the purity of the three bacteriums, 3% sodium aginate +1% flyash +0.5% soluble starch was better. miscllaneous bacterium tend to grow more in the formula of 3% sodium aginate +1.5% flyash +0.3% soluble starch +0.3% gelatin than the formula of 3% sodium aginate +1% flyash +0.5% soluble starch.and for the survial of Bacillus sp.,both formula was better than the formula of sodium aginate.