山茶花红色素的提取及其性质初探

 初步探索了山茶花红色素的提取条件和理化性质, 结果表明, 用料液比1∶10 ( g/mL) 、pH 1(10%盐酸调) 的95%乙醇作提取剂, 在80℃恒温提取6 h, 提取效率较好。山茶花红色素属花色素苷类,pH值对色素影响明显, 在酸性条件下色泽具有热稳定性。光照能加快色素降解, 但与紫外光无关。金属离子Na⁺ 、Ca^{2 +} 、A1^{3 +} 、Cu^{2 +} 、Zn^{2 +}对色泽无影响, Fe^{3 +} 、Pb^{2 +}有不良影响。色素的抗氧化能力较差, 耐还原性较好。蔗糖、葡葡糖和盐等添加剂对色素无影响。

Preliminary Exploration on Extraction and Characterization of Red Pigment from Camellia japonica L.

Physico-chemical properties and extractions of the red pigment of Camellia japonica L. were explored preliminary. Results showed that good yield of pigment could be obtained by 95% ethanol solution(with 10% HCl) of pH 1 at 80℃ for 6 h with the solid2liquid ratio 1∶10 ( g/mL). The Camellia japonica L.red pigment is classified to anthocyanins, forwhich pH had significant effect on the tone of pigment. The pigment is suitable to acid environment while its good heat resistance. Under sunlight, degradation of the pigment could be accelerated, but regardless of ultraviolet light. Metallicions Na⁺ , Ca^{2 +} , A1^{3 +} , Cu^{2 +} , Zn^{2 +} had no effect on the tone of pigment, but Fe^{3 +} , Pb^{2 +} had severe disadvantageous effect. This kind of pigment has better endurance capability against reducing agent, but it has less resistance capability against oxidizing agent. Addition of glucose, sucrose and salt had no effect on the pigment.