荃两优系列杂交稻品种耐热性与稻米品质的相关性研究

以优质水稻不育系荃211S为母本选育的13个荃两优系列杂交水稻品种为试验材料,利用智能温室进行高温胁迫处理,分析品种的耐热性和高温胁迫对稻米加工品质、外观品质和蒸煮食味品质的影响,以及品种耐热性与其主要品质性状的相关性。结果表明,荃两优系列杂交稻品种耐热性水平整体较强,其耐热系数与经过高温胁迫后品种的整精米率、碱消值呈极显著正相关,与胶稠度呈显著正相关,与垩白度呈极显著负相关;经过高温胁迫后,品种的整精米率、碱消值、胶稠度和直链淀粉含量普遍降低,垩白度普遍增加;耐热性强的水稻品种经过高温胁迫处理后,其整精米率、垩白度、直链淀粉含量、碱消值和胶稠度等主要米质指标的变幅小于高温相对敏感的品种。本研究为选育耐高温优质水稻品种奠定基础。

Correlation Analysis of Heat Tolerance and Rice Quality of Quanliangyou Series Hybrid Rice Varieties

13 hybrid rice varieties selected from high-quality rice sterile line Quan 211S were used to analyze the heat resistance of Quanliangyou series varieties and the effects of high temperature stress on rice milling quality, appearance quality and cooking and eating quality as well as the correlation between heat tolerance and main quality traits in the smart greenhouse for high temperature treatment. The data demonstrated that most of the Quanliangyou series varieties had relatively strong heat tolerance. The heat resistance coefficient was extremely significantly positively correlated with the head rice rate and alkali spreading value, significantly positively correlated with the gel consistency and extremely significantly negatively correlated with chalkiness. After high temperature stress, the head rice rate, alkali spreading value, gel consistency and amylose content of Quanliangyou series varieties were generally decreased, and the chalkiness were increased. The variation of main rice quality indicators such as head rice rate, chalkiness, amylose content, alkali spreading value and gel consistency was less in rice varieties with strong heat resistance than in rice varieties that are relatively sensitive to high temperature under high temperature stress. The study lays a foundation for breeding high temperature-resistant and high-quality rice varieties.