烟草土壤微生物与土壤酶活性分析

从湖北省恩施咸丰县烟田采集烟草(Nicotiana tabacum L.)不同生长时期的土壤样品,采用稀释平板涂布法进行细菌、放线菌、氨化细菌、硝化细菌、真菌的分离并对土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶、磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶进行酶活性的测定.试验结果表明,①土壤中氨化细菌数量最多,真菌数量最少.各种类群微生物在烟草整个生育期间变化波动较大,不同类群微生物消长趋势不同,整体呈上升趋势；其中,烟草生长旺盛期微生物数量最多.②在烟草生长前期,土壤脲酶活性较高;磷酸酶活性在前、中期均处于比较高的水平;在后期,随着土壤熟化程度的提高,蔗糖酶活性增强较明显;过氧化氢酶活性在各个时期的变化较平稳.

Analysis on Microorganisms and Enzymes Activity in Soil of Tobacco Field

Bacteria,actinomycetes,ammonifying bacteria,nitrifying bacteria and fungi were isolated from soil samples collected from tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum L.) field of Xianfeng county and Enshi city,Hubei Province by dilution spread plate method.Activitiy of sucrase,urease,phosphatase,and catalase were determined using spectrophotometry method.The results showed that quantity of ammonifying bacteria was the most while of actinomycetes and fungi were the least.Quantity of different microorganism fluctuated during tobacco growth period and changed in different trend.Generally,the microorganism increased during tobacco growth period.Quantity of microorganisms was the most at vigorous growing stage of tobacco.Urease activity was high at early period of tobacco growth;while phosphatase activity was high at early and metaphase.During the later period of tobacco growth,sucrase activity increased obviously.Activity of catalase was stable during the whole growth period.