新鲜北美一枝黄花叶对南黄蓟马的拒食活性

南黄蓟马虽为菊科、茄科、葫芦科植物的常见害虫,但未见其侵害菊科植物北美一枝黄花,这促使作者对其拒食活性进行研究。在为期一周的叶片喂食试验中南黄蓟马成虫全部死亡,提示北美一枝黄花中含有拒食活性物质。该植物新鲜叶的甲醇提取物(含有3%蔗糖溶液)的纸片喂食试验显示了类似的拒食活性。通过活性追踪,最终确定北美一枝黄花甲醇提取物的正丁醇萃取部分经反相中压柱色谱以及高效液相色谱分离得到的两个流分具有拒食活性,且两者联合使用拒食效果更加明显。

Studies on the antifeedant activity of the fresh leaves of Solidago altissima to Thrips palmi

Thrips palmi Karny does not attack Solidago altissima L. (Goldenrod: Asteraceae), although it is one of the most notorious pests to Compositae, Solanaceae and Cucurbitaceae plants in the world. This prompted us to search for the antifeedant activity of this plant. Leaf disc feeding bioassay was used to assess the effect of S. altissima against adults of T. palmi. The results showed that the insects on the leaves died within one week and significant antifeedant properties were exhibited. The methanol extract of the fresh leaves showed similar activity on the insect over filter paper disc (FPD) containing 3% aqueous sucrose solution. During the separation procedure with FPD bioassay, the insect feeding-deterrent substances were determined to be present in the two fractions eluted from ODS MPLC and HPLC column, and a mixture of these two fractions could further reduce the survival rate than each fraction alone.