不同播期与基本苗对直播稻群体及产量的影响

目的]明确邗江区有利于实现直播稻高产稳产的播种时期和适宜基本苗数.方法]采取对典型水稻田块调查和试验相结合的方法,比较直播稻不同播种时期、不同基本苗数对直播稻生育进程、植株与穗部性状、群体指标、产量及其构成因素的影响.播期试验水稻品种选用南粳44和扬粳4038,基本苗分别为112.5万和135.0万株/hm2,播期分别为6月1、7、13日.基本苗试验品种选用南粳44,基本苗分别为82.5万、94.5万、112.5万、136.5万和157.5万株/hm2.结果]麦收后及早播种有利于延长生育期,增加水稻生长量,改善水稻产量构成因素,提高穗粒数、结实率和千粒重,最终实现较高的产量.直播稻基本苗在112.5万株/hm2左右、单株成穗3.O～3.5个时,产量构成因素间协调与平衡,可实现高产稳产.结论]该研究可为集成适宜邗江地区的水稻直播规范化栽培技术提供理论依据.

Effects of Different Sowing Date and Basic Seedling Number on Group Status and Yield of Direct-sowing Rice

Objective] The aim was to confirm on the suitable sowing time and the basic seedling number which was favor of realizing high and stable yield of direct-sowing rice in Hanjiang Area.Method] The methods of combining investigating the typical rice field with the experiment was used to compare the effects of different sowing time and the basic seedling number on growth process,plants and panicle traits,group indices,yield and its components of direct-sowing rice.In sowing time experiment,the rice varieties were Nanjing 44 and Yangjiang 4038,the corresponding basic seedling number was 112.5 × 104 and 135.0 × 104 plants/hm2,the sowing time was June 1,7 and 13,resp..In the basic seedling number experiment,the rice variety was Nanjing 44,the basic seedling number was 82.5 × 10 94.5 × 104,112.5 × 104,136.5 × 104,157.5 × 104 plants/hm2,resp..Result] Sowing early after wheat harvesting was favor of delaying the growth period,increased rice growth mass,improved rice yield components,boosted kernels per spike,setting rate and 1000-kernel weight,finally realized the higher yield.When the basis seedling number was about 112.5 × 104 plants/hm2 and the spike per plant was 3.0-3.5,the yield components were coordination and balance,realized the high and stable yield.Conclusion] The study provides a theoretical basis for integrating the suitable standardized cultivation techniques of direct-sowing rice in Haniiang Area.