食物安全测量指标比较与影响因素分析

为探究农户饮食多样性得分和食物消费得分2种食物安全测量指标的差异以及影响食物安全的因素,采用陕西省镇安县、洛南县,云南省武定县、会泽县和贵州省盘县、正安县2015年1 368户农户实地调研数据,并运用Logit模型进行影响因素实证分析。研究结果表明:1)农户饮食多样性得分和食物消费得分的相关性较高,但从定义、测量方法到结果都有差异,饮食多样性得分的食物消费追溯期短,获取的食物消费情况更准确,而食物消费得分设定不同的食物种类权重更能识别真正食物不安全人群;2)家里有婴幼儿、劳动力平均受教育年限、家庭人均年收入、家里养殖牲畜对农户食物安全具有显著的正向影响。基于以上分析,食物安全评估和测量指标应该根据不同的需要进行选取,且在减贫的同时应关注贫困地区农户的食物获取能力以减轻农户食物不安全的状况。

Food security measurements comparison and determinants analysis

The aim of the research is to explore the differences between household dietary diversity score and food consumption score,as well as factors affecting food security.The adopted data were collected from 1 368 households in six counties including Zhen''an,Luonan in Shaanxi Province,Wuding,Huize in Yunnan Province and Pan,Zheng''an in Guizhou Province in 2015.An Logit model was used for determinants analysis.The research showed that:1) The correlation of Household dietary diversity score (HDDS) and Food consumption score FCS (FCS) was relatively high,while differences existed among definitions,measurement methods and results.The shorter the food consumption retrospective was,the more accurate the recall would be.The weight settings of food groups identified true food insecure population;2) Family with infant,education level,household per capita income,breeding livestock displayed significant positive influence on food security.Based on the analysis above,the selection of food security assessment and measurement indicators should vary according to their needs and the government should focus on food availability of household to alleviate food insecurity in rural poor areas when implementing poverty reduction strategy.