南疆干旱地区土壤盐分空间变异特征研究——以库尔勒三十一团为例

【目的】探明南疆干旱区土壤盐分空间分布特征和变异特征以及产生土壤盐分空间变异特征的原因。【方法】以库尔勒地区三十一团为例,采集该地区代表性的土壤样品,测试、分析了土壤样品不同土层的含盐量指标。【结果】①5个土层土壤含盐量均小于3 g/kg,均属于非盐化土;②5个土层土壤盐分的变异系数均属于中等变异性,其中0～20、40～60和80～100 cm接近于强变异性;③0～20 cm土层土壤盐分的半变异函数符合球状模型,20～40 cm土层土壤盐分的半变异函数符合指数模型,40～60、60～80和80～100 cm土层土壤盐分的半变异函数符合高斯模型;④研究区域土壤含盐量主要集中在1～3 g/kg之间,并且含盐量在2～3 g/kg土壤面积最大。【结论】研究区域土壤含盐量空间分布差异较大,各层土壤存在不同程度的盐渍化现象;土层的高盐分区主要集中分布在南北方向靠近沙漠、远离水库和地势较为低洼区域;垂直方向上,各层土壤含盐量差异不大。

Study on Spatial Variability of Soil Salinity in Arid Area of Southern Xinjiang:A Case Study on 31th Regiment of Korla

【Objective】This paper aims to explore the spatial distribution and variation characteristics of soil salinity in the arid regions of Southern Xinjiang and the reasons for the spatial variation of soil salinity.【Method】Salt content indicators of different soil layers by collecting representative soil samples was testen and analyzal.【Result】①The salt salinity in five different soil layers was less than 3 g/kg and all were non-saline soils.②The variation coefficients of soil salinity in five soil layers were all of moderate variability, in the meanwhile, the index in soil layers of 0～20, 40～60, 80～100 cm were close to strong variability.③The semivariogram of soil salinity of the0～20 cm layer could be best described by the Spherical mode1, 20～40 cm layer could be best described by the Exponential model, which the 40～60 cm, 60～80 cm and 80～100 cm layer was best fitted by the Spherical mode1. ④The soil salinity was mainly between 1～3 g/kg and the area of soil salinity was the widest in 2～3 g/kg.【Conclusion】There were different about spatial distribution of soil salinity in this region, and the degrees of salinization are different in each layer of soil. In region of near desert and away from reservoir are high-salinity, at the study area of north and south. In the vertical direction, there was little difference in soil salinity for each layer.