利用部分生理生化指标监测SO2对农作物急性伤害的研究

利用田间开顶式熏气装置对盆栽小麦和几种蔬菜作物进行熏气试验,研究相同SO2熏气浓度不同熏气时间供试样本叶液pH值、叶片电导率、含硫量的变化,结果表明在SO2熏气时间和叶液pH值之间存在显著线性负相关性,SO2熏气时间和叶片含硫量、叶片电导率之间存在显著线性正相关性.在叶片含硫量、叶片电导率和叶液pH值三个参数中,叶片含硫量是监测SO2对农作物急性伤害最为敏感的指标.然后利用相同的田间开项式熏气装置选择三个品种的水稻进行不同浓度相同时间的田间熏气试验,分析叶片含硫量的变化规律.研究表明,在同一生育期内,随着SO2熏气浓度的增大,三个水稻品种叶片中硫的含量呈明显增加趋势,且不同SO2浓度处理的水稻叶片含硫量和对照比较均有提高且差异显著.

Monitoring of acute injury of crops caused by SO2 using some biophysical and chemical indices

Experiments were conducted in an open-top fumigation device. The potted wheat and vegetables were exposed to four sulfur dioxide (SO2) exposure duration of 30 minutes, 60 minutes, 90 minutes and 120 minutes in order to investigate the impact of SO2 on leaf sulfur content, leaf conductance and pH value of extracted leaf fluid. Result showed that SO2 exposure duration was strongly negatively correlated with pH value of extracted leaf fluid, but was significantly positively correlated with conductance of extracted leaf fluid and leaf sulfur content. Among leaf sulfur content, leaf conductance and pH value of extracted leaf fluid, leaf sulfur content was the most effective biophysical and chemical indexes to estimate the acute injury of crops caused by SO2. For testing the results, field experiment was laid out in a split plot design with rice varieties of Shengdao 13, Yangguang 200 and Lindao 10. Rice samples were exposed to SO2 at different concentrations inside fumigation chamber. Results showed that for three rice varieties, leaf sulfur contents increased according to the elevated SO2 exposure concentrations at the same growth stages. And compared with leaf sulfur contents of control concentration, the leaf sulfur contents exposed to different SO2 concentrations increased greatly and had significant difference with leaf sulfur contents of the control concentration.