不同授粉方式对温室油桃生长影响及中意蜂授粉前后群势变化对比研究

为了进一步弄清不同授粉方式对于温室油桃生长的影响,提高温室油桃授粉方式的选择性和针对性,笔者连续3年开展了不同授粉方式对温室油桃生长影响以及中意蜂授粉前后群势变化对比研究。结果表明:与自然授粉相比,意蜂、中蜂和人工授粉温室油桃的坐果率显著提高、单果重和单株产量明显增加、畸形果率大幅度降低;总体来说,意蜂授粉方式优于中蜂授粉和人工授粉方式,中蜂授粉又优于人工授粉方式;油桃授粉结束后,意蜂和中蜂的死亡率分别为13.83%和52.61%,意蜂比中蜂的死亡率低38.78%(P0.01),子脾面积分别为2350和733 cm2,意蜂比中蜂的子脾面积大220.6%(P0.01),意蜂的群势显著强于中蜂的群势。

Comparison Study on Different Pollination Methods in Greenhouse Nectarine Growth and Group Potential Changes Before and After Pollination of Italian Bee

In order to further understand the effects of different pollination methods for greenhouse nectarine growth, improve the selectivity of Nectarine in greenhouse pollination and targeted, we carried out for 3 consecutive years of different pollination methods on greenhouse nectarine growth as well as the influence of Italian bee pollination potential changes before and after the group comparison study.Comparison showed that: compared with natural pollination, Italian bee, bee and artificial pollination of greenhouse nectarine fruit set percentage increased significantly, fruit weight and yield per plant increased significantly, abnormal fruit rate was greatly reduced; Italian bee pollination methods in general better than the bee pollination and artificial pollination methods in bee pollination, but better than artificial pollination methods; nectarine after pollination, Apis mellifera and A. cerana mortality were 13.83% and 52.61%, Italian bee mortality than in the low 38.78% (P<0.01), a sub area of the spleen were 2350 cm2 and 733 cm2, Italy bee sub spleen than in large area 220.6% (P<0.01), group of potential group of potential Italian bee was significantly stronger than that of bees.