湖南优质稻研究进展及其发展趋势

简述了湖南在优质稻种资源收集、引进、评价、利用，优质稻品种选育、优质稻米标准研究、栽培技术体系研究的成就、进展、存在的问题及其发展趋势。收集、评价、保存了湖南地方稻种资源5000多份，国外稻种资源1000多份；育成了中高档优质稻品种120个，其中中档优质稻品种103个，高档优质稻品种17个，三系优质杂交稻组合8个，两系优质杂交稻组合7个，常规优质稻品种115个；针对优质稻品种库容小、生物学产量低等特点，研究形成了一套高生物学产量、高库容量、高经济系数、少农药污染的“三高一少”优质稻栽培技术体系。正进一步收集、引进、利用耐热、抗病优质稻种资源、野生稻有利基因；研究稻米重金属及化学残留物的检测技术；采用常规育种技术和现代生物技术相结合的手段，全面提高优质稻品种产量潜力、抗病虫性及稻米品质，改良现有不育系、恢复系、常规水稻品种；研究优质稻合理的时空布局与生态区划，采用全程监控技术，进行洁净化生产。

The Achievement and Development Trend of Good Quality Rice Research in Hunan

It was briefly introduced the achievement and the development in the collection and the evaluation and the utilization of good quality rice resource, the good quality rice breeding, the standard system and the culture technology system research of good quality rice. More than 5000 Hunan local rice resources and about 1000 foreign rice resources were collected and reserved. 120 good quality rice varieties were bred, including 115 conventional rice varieties, 8 three-line hybrids, 7 two-line hybrids. A series of good quality rice culture technology system was researched out, aiming at increasing the sink, the total plant yield, and the economic coefficient, reducing the pollution of chemical. The rice resources of tolerance high temperature and resistant to pests are being collecting. The examination and measure technology of heavy metal and chemical leftover are being researching. The yield potential, the character of resistant to pests, and the quality of rice variety will be enhanced, by using the conventional breeding technology and modern biotechnology. The reasonable space-time arrangement and economic regional distribution of good quality rice variety should be researched also.