苹果生产中杀菌剂使用控制技术调查及分析

为了解苹果生产中杀菌剂使用过程控制技术现状。本研究以河南省苹果主产地的32个苹果园作为调查对象,通过走访和面对面问询,对苹果全生育期杀菌剂在整个生产过程中的使用情况进行调查和分析。结果发现存在以下问题：苹果生产中果农操作过程不规范;不同产地苹果园施药种类繁多,化学杀菌剂应用偏多,生物制剂应用偏少;不同园区杀菌剂的使用量有很大差别。从走访的32个果园来看,单个果园杀菌剂使用量最少的为27 kg/hm²,最多的为280.5 kg/hm²。用药次数差别较大,最少的6次,最多的14次。本研究针对苹果病害防治用药过程中存在的问题提出了相应的方法及建议,以期为制定苹果生产中杀菌剂使用过程控制技术体系提供理论支持。

Fungicide Application in Apple Production: Investigation and Analysis of the Control Technologies

To understand current situation of control technologies of fungicide application in apple production, 32 apple orchards in main apple producing areas in Henan Province were investigated through visits and face-to-face interview, to analyze the fungicide application in the whole growth period of apple. The following problems are found by the study: the operation process in apple production is not standardized; a great varieties of fungicides are used in different apple orchards, and the application of chemical fungicides are more than that of biological agents; and there are significant differences in the application amount of fungicides in different orchards. Among the 32 orchards, the least application amount of fungicide is 27 kg/hm², and the most is 280.5 kg/hm². The application frequency is also different among the 32 orchards, the least is 6 times, and the most is 14 times. The corresponding methods are put forward to establish a process control technology system of fungicide application in apple production.