马铃薯化肥农药双减绿色生产技术研究

研究旨在探索最佳的化肥农药双减绿色生产技术,以期提升马铃薯产量及品质,进而指导实际生产。本研究以‘青薯9号’为试验材料,设计了4个肥料处理,每个肥料处理又设A、B两个农药对比试验。结果显示,处理2减施化肥、增施商品有机肥(750 kg/hm²),可改善品质,较对照增产6460.2 kg/hm²;处理3减施化肥、增施有机肥(600 kg/hm²)+菌肥(300 kg/hm²),改善了马铃薯的部分品质;处理4减施化肥,增施有机肥(600 kg/hm²)+腐殖酸肥(45 kg/hm²),可改善品质,增产32.24%;农药处理未对马铃薯块茎产量及品质造成不良影响。试验证明,处理4在减少化肥用量、增施腐殖酸肥后增加马铃薯结薯数量,提高产量,改善品质,可在生产中推广应用。

Double Reduction of Chemical Fertilizer and Pesticide in Potato Production

The purpose of this study is to explore the optimal green technology of double reduction of chemical fertilizer and pesticide in potato production, to improve potato yield and quality and guide the actual production. In this study, ‘Qingshu No. 9’ was used as experimental material. Four fertilizer treatments were designed, and two pesticides, A and B, were compared for each fertilizer treatment. The results showed that in treatment 2, compared with those of the control, potato quality was improved and the yield was increased by 6460.2 kg/hm² by reducing chemical fertilizer application and increasing organic fertilizer application (750 kg/hm²). In treatment 3, potato quality was improved with the reduction of chemical fertilizer application and the increase of organic fertilizer application (600 kg/hm²) and microbial fertilizer (300 kg/hm²). In treatment 4, the reduction of chemical fertilizer application and the increase of organic fertilizer application (600 kg/hm²) and humic acid fertilizer (45 kg/hm²) could improve the potato quality and increase the yield by 32.24% compared with that of control. Pesticide treatment had no adverse effect on the yield and quality of potato tuber. This study showed that treatment 4 could increase potato tuber quantity and yield and improve quality by reducing the amount of chemical fertilizer and adding humic acid fertilizer, and the technology could be popularized in production.