特种水产养殖动物病毒病原的研究现状

本文举例阐明了病毒(及类似病毒)病原引起的突发性传染病给我国特种水产养殖业带来的重大损失和潜在威胁;分别对国内外爬行动物(包括鳖)、两栖动物(包括蛙)、虾、鳗等特种水产养殖动物病毒病原研究的情况进行了概述;将已知的病毒种类和中英文名称,按不同宿主归类列出;并根据最新资料以及有关工作进展情况,对上述几种特种水产养殖动物病毒病原研究的动态作了简介。

Research Status of the Viral Pathogens from the Special Aquaculture Animals

The Culturing of shrimp,eel,frog and soli-shelled turtle in China has increased substantially in the past decades. Unforturnately,the special aquaculture production has been dramatically affected by infectious diseases. The major mortality-causing diseases in aquaculture of shrimp, eel, frog and solf-shelled turtle are caused by viruses,bacteria and parasites. The viral pathpogens are especially important because some virus and virus-like infections outbreak and antiviral drugs are not availabe for the control of these diseases. Although a few of virus have been discovered from the special aquaculture animals,some basic studies of viral pathogens remain to be done for better management of disease in the lower vertebrates.This paper presents a comprehensive systematic account of the viral pathogens in world from reptiles, amphibia,shrimp and eel. Virus diseases of reptiles have received relatively little attention,viruses associated with reptilia are usually described as "arboviruses" because such virus multiply in hematophagous arthropods. More than 60 viruses have been identified in frog and amphibia. About 20 viruses have been identified in shrimp and 10 virus have been identified in eel.Recently, we have isolated a virus from the diseased soft-shelled turlle Trionyx sinesis (TSV)and a virus from the diseased frog Rana grylio (RGV). These studies are new advancement for virology of the special aquaculture animals.