青海云杉种子园无性系结实性状遗传变异研究

目的]研究无性系结实性状的遗传变异规律.方法]利用青海云杉一代无性系种子园中筛选出的18个优良无性系90个分株材料,研究青海云杉无性系结实性状的遗传变异和不同树冠层的结实量.结果]青海云杉无性系间的结实能力差异明显,其无性系重复力较高,青海云杉无性系结实母树球果主要集中在树冠中上部的冠层分枝上,青海云杉无性系球果主要分布在树冠上部,各部位的球果量从大到小依次为上部、中部、下部.球果量在树冠中部、上部、下部分别占单株球果总量的86.43%、10.37%和3.20%.通过性状相关分析,青海云杉单株结实量与树冠高呈极显著正相关,下部结实量与冠幅呈极显著负相关,中部结实量、单株球果量和单果鲜重3个结实性状与无性系生长性状间均无显著的相关关系.结论]该研究可为青海云杉无性系种子园的营建及经营管理提供科学依据.

Genetic Variation of Clones Fruiting Traits in Picea crassifolia Kom Seed Orchard

Objective]To make a research on genetic variation of clones fruiting traits. Method]Genetic variation and seed setting of different tree crown of Picea crassifolia Kom clones were studied by using 90 ramets of 18 elite clones selected from the first generation clonal seed orchard of Picea crassifolia Kom. Result]The difference of seed setting ability between Picea crassifolia Kom clones was obvious,and their clones had higher repeatability. The clonal fruiting seed trees cone of Picea crassifolia Kom distributed mainly on canopy branch of the middle and upper part of the crown,the clone cones distribute on canopy branch of upper part of the crown,and the distribution of cones on crown was upper part higher than middle part and middle pare higher than lower part. The amount of cones of the middle,the upper and the lower part of the total per plant ac-counted for 86. 43%,10. 37% and 3. 20%. Through trait correlation analysis,there was a significant positive correlation between the seed yield and the high crown height of Picea crassifolia. The lower seed was significantly correlated with crown width,there was no significant correlation be-tween seed setting rate,cone weight per plant and fresh weight par plant and colnal growth traits. Conclusion] This study can provide scientific basis for the establishment and management of clonal seed orchard of Picea crassifolia Kom.