光滑河蓝蛤对净化养殖废水的净化效果

[目的]研究光滑河蓝蛤(Potamocorbula laevis)对大棚对虾养殖尾水的净化效果,确定净化废水时蓝蛤的养殖密度。[方法]设4个光滑河蓝蛤养殖密度处理,分别为0.5、1.0、2.0、3.0 ind/L,1个空白对照(CK),每组设置3次重复,养殖4 d,整个试验期间不换水,不投放饵料,测定不同处理对养殖废水中硝酸盐、氨氮(NH+4-N)、总磷(TP)、总氮(TN)的去除效果。[结果]光滑河蓝蛤4个养殖密度对NH+4-N、TP、硝酸盐均有显著的去除效果(P0.05),其中,1.0 ind/L处理净化效果最佳,对废水中硝酸盐的去除效率为62%±15.06%,NH+4-N的去除效率为48%±9.41%,TP去除率为99%±17.78%,TN的去除率为60%±3.74%。CK的净化效果最低,对废水中硝酸盐、NH+4-N、TP、TN的去除率分别为15%±3.36%、16%±0.58%、38%±6.86%、33±1.58%。[结论]光滑河蓝蛤的最佳养殖密度为1.0 ind/L。

Purification Effect of Potamocorbula laevis on Aquaculture Wastewater

[Objective] To study the purification effect of Potamocorbula laevis on tail water of shrimp culture in greenhouse,and determine the breeding density of Potamocorbula laevis during purification of wastewater.[Method]4 breeding densities (0.5,1.0,2.0,3.0 ind/L) and 1 blank control (CK) were set up,each treatment was repeated 3 times and cultured for 4 d.During the experiment,the water was not changed,and no bait was put into the feed.The removal efficiency of nitrate,NH4+-H,TP and TN in aquaculture wastewater was determined by different treatment.[Result] The 4 culture densities of Potamocorbula laevis have significant removal effects on ammonia nitrogen,TP and nitrate (P ＜0.05).Among them,the purification effect of 1.0 ind/L treatment was the best,and the removal efficiency of nitrate in wastewater was 62％ ± 15.06％.The removal efficiency of NH4+-H was 48％ × 9.41％.The removal efficiency of TP was 99％ ± 17.78％.The removal efficiency of TN was 60％ ± 3.74％.The removal efficiency of CK was the worst,and the removal rates of nitrate,NH4+-H,TP and TN in wastewater were 15％ ± 3.36％,16％ × 0.58％,38％ × 6.86％ and 33％ × 1.58％,respectively.[Conclusion] The optimum culture density of Potamocorbula laevis was 1.0 ind/L.