生态型氧化沟中植物的作用研究

研究了生态型氧化沟中美人蕉、茭白、通菜、水浮莲4种常见植物对生活污水中主要污染物的处理效果.结果表明,生态型氧化沟对低浓度生活污水中的COD、SS有比较好的去除效果,其去除率分别达到51.02％、58.92％,但对TP、NH4+-N、TN的去除效果较差.不同植物在氧化沟系统中的作用有较大差异,美人蕉对氮、磷的去除量最大(分别为152.3、22.6 g/m2),水浮莲次之,茭白和通菜较小.从植物去除的氮、磷量占总去除量的比例来看,美人蕉去除的氮、磷量分别占总去除量的0.24％和0.18％；茭白去除的氮、磷量分别占总去除量的0.11％和0.03％；通菜去除的氮、磷量分别占总去除量的0.09％和0.06％；水浮莲去除的氮、磷量分别占总去除量的0.12％和0.09％.另外,植物对系统中剩余污泥的清除也具有一定的作用.

Research of the plant role to purifying municipal wastewater in the ecological oxidation ditch

Effects of plant absorbing such as Canna generalis, Zizania cadaciflora, Ipomoea aquatica, Pistia stratiotes in the ecological oxidation ditch were studied. The results showed that removal efficiency of organic matter and suspended solid was steady in the system,and the average removal rates of COD and SS were 51.02% and 58.92% respectively, but the removal efficiency of TP, NH4+-N and TN were comparatively low. The capacities in pollutant uptake and degradation were varied among different plant species. The contribution of plant uptake to the TN and TP removal of C. generalis was the best, because of its higher biomass and the average value were up to 152.3 and 22.6 g/m2, followed by the Pistia stratiotes, the Z. cadaciflora and I. aquatica were the poor. Proportion of quantity of removal nitrogen and phosphorus of C. generalis to the total removal quantity were 0.24% and 0.18% in the ecological oxidation ditch. Proportion of quantity of removal nitrogen and phosphorus of Zizania cadaciflora to the total removal quantity were 0.11% and 0.03% in the ecological oxidation ditch. Proportion of quantity of removal nitrogen and phosphorus of I. aquatica to the total removal quantity were 0.09% and 0.06% in the ecological oxidation ditch. Proportion of quantity of removal nitrogen and phosphorus of P. stratiotes to the total removal quantity were 0.12% and 0.09% in the ecological oxidation ditch. In addition, the production of residual activated sludge can be reduced by the plant in the system.