大豆粒形性状主效QTL、环境互作和上位性检测

【目的】定位大豆粒形性状的主效QTL、环境互作和QTL间上位性。【方法】以栽培大豆晋豆23为母本，半野生大豆灰布支黑豆（ZDD2315）为父本所衍生的447个RIL构建的SSR遗传图谱及混合线性模型分析方法，对3年大豆粒形性状进行主效QTL、环境互作和QTL间上位性检测。【结果】共检测到7个与粒长、粒宽、粒厚以及长宽比、长厚比和宽厚比相关的QTL，分别位于D2、C2、J_2和O连锁群上，其中粒长、长厚比和宽厚比均表现为遗传正效应，说明增加其等位基因来源于母本晋豆23。同时，检测到3对影响粒宽和宽厚比的加性×加性上位性互作效应及其与环境互作的QTL。【结论】主效QTL对粒形性状遗传产生的影响最大，上位性次之，环境互作最小，说明加性效应、加性×加性上位性互作是大豆粒形性状的重要遗传基础。

Main,Environmentally Interacted and Epistatic QTL for Seed Shape Traits in Soybean

【Objective】In this study, the mixed linear model method was used to identify the main-effect, environmentally interacted and epistatic quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for seed shape traits in soybean.【Method】A total of 447 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross of Jindou 23 (cultivar, female parent) and ZDD2315 (semi-wild, male parent) were scanned by 232 SSR markers and measured for the above traits in 2010 to 2012. The marker information was used to construct linkage groups. All the phenotypic values along with marker and linkage-group information were used to detect all kinds of QTLs for the above traits.【Result】 Seven QTLs for seed length, seed width, seed thickness, seed length-to-width ratio, seed length-to-thickness ratio and seed width-to-thickness ratio, were mapped and placed on linkage groups D2, C2, J_2 and O. Positive additive effects of QTLs for seed length, seed length-to-thickness ratio and seed width-to-thickness ratio were observed and their elite alleles were derived from Jindou 23. Three pairs of additive × additive epistasis and their interactions with environment for seed width, seed width-to-thickness ratio were detected.【Conclusion】The main-effect, epistatic and environmentally interacted QTLs have the biggest, middle and smallest influences on the above traits, respectively.