规模化畜禽养殖场粪便养分数据空间化表征方法

针对目前进行规模化养殖场粪便养分分配,主要以行政单元为单位将规模化养殖统计数据总量按农田面积简单分配,认为所有的农用地之间都是均匀的,而忽视了农用地块之间存在差异性的问题,利用GIS空间分析技术,结合农用地地块间的空间差异性以及规模养殖畜禽粪便作为肥料施用的特殊性,构建了规模化畜禽养殖统计数据空间化算法,并结合农用地最大养分负荷,实现从规模畜禽养殖统计数据到区域畜禽粪便养分供给的空间化转换,最后以福州市闽侯县上街镇为例进行了算法的实际应用。结果表明研究区农用地氮、磷最大养分负荷分别为169.994 kg/hm2和34.973 kg/hm2。无论是畜禽养殖粪便氮养分还是磷养分,都未超过算法设定的阈值。

Research on Characterization Method of Statistical Data of Scale Raising Farms

The present method for allocating the nutrient of livestock manure from the scale raising farms is simply allocating the total amount of statistical data of scale raising farms according to the area of farmland taking administration cell as unit. In this method, it is thought that there are no differences among the farmlands and the amount of statistical data of scale raising farms is only closely related to the area of farmland in a administration cell. The specialization algorithm of statistical data of scale raising farms was constructed based on the spatial differences among the farmlands and the particularity of livestock manure from the scale raising farms, when it applied as the fertilizer to farmland using theory and technique of GIS spatial analysis. With the maximum nutrient load of farmland, the statistical data of scale raising farms were transformed to the supply of regional nutrient of livestock manure. Finally, the specialization algorithm was carried out at the town of Shangjie to realize the application. The results of practical application show that the maximum values of nitrogen and phosphorus load of farmland were 169994kg/hm2 and 34973kg/hm2,which both were below the threshold value of 170kg/hm2 and 35kg/hm2 respectively. And it also shows that the method could reflect the spatial differences between the farmlands and was closer to the practical results of livestock manure than the present method.