河南省主要推广品种对小麦黄花叶病毒抗性的评价

为了评价河南省主要推广品种对小麦黄花叶病毒(Wheat yellow mosaic virus, WYMV)的抗性,于2006—2010年在河南省西平县病圃进行了田间抗性鉴定试验和室内间接ELISA检测,并分析了病害严重程度对产量的影响。结果表明,在供试的62个品种中,仅有新麦208表现为免疫;豫麦70-36、泛麦5号、阜麦936、山东95519、豫麦70、高优503、豫麦9676、郑麦366和陕麦229等9个品种表现为抗病,占供试品种的14.5%;濮优938、兰考矮早8、新原958、花培2号、温优1号、豫麦18、郑麦9023、豫麦47、豫农201、偃展4110、豫麦36、百农878和豫麦49-198等13个品种表现为中抗,占供试品种的21.0%;另外39个品种表现为感病,占供试品种的62.9%。对48个品种进行了产量与病害严重度分析,发现随着病害的严重度增加,小麦的穗数、千粒重以及产量都有明显下降,严重度为1级时,平均减产9.6%;严重度达到2级和3级时,平均减产分别为30.3%和33.5%。

Evaluation of commercial wheat cultivars for resistance to Wheat yellow mosaic virus in Henan

To evaluate resistance of winter wheat cultivars currently grown in Henan Province, China to Wheat yellow mosaic virus (WYMV), the resistance of 62 commercial wheat cultivars was tested in a disease nursery at Xiping, Henan Province in the years 2006 to 2010. Plants were also tested using an indirect ELISA in the laboratory and the influence of disease severity on wheat yield and grain quality was investigated. Of the cultivars tested, only Xinmai 208 appeared to be immune to WYMV and nine cultivars (14% of those tested) were resistant: Yumai 70-36, Fanmai 5, Fumai 936, Shandong 95519, Yumai 70, Gaoyou 503, Yumai 9676, Zhengmai 366 and Shaanmai 229. Thirteen cultivars (21% of those tested) were moderately resistant (Puyou 938, Lankaoaizao 8, Xinyuan 958, Huapei 2, Wenyou 1, Yumai 18, Zhengmai 9023, Yumai 47, Yunong 201, Yanzhan 4110, Yumai 36, Bainong 878 and Yumai 49-198) and the remaining 39 cultivars (63% of those tested) were susceptible. In studies of 48 cultivars, increasing disease severity decreased grain yields, spike numbers and 1000-grain weights. 9.6% yield was lost when disease severity was grade 1, and 30.3% and 33.5% yield was lost when the disease severity was grade 2 and 3 respectively.