不同木薯种质资源主要矿物质元素差异性分析

为了解不同木薯种质资源矿物质元素含量,优选含量丰富的品种,为木薯的综合利用提供数据支撑,本文采用马弗炉法、原子吸收和原子荧光法分别对113份木薯种质资源灰分与矿物质元素含量进行测定,结果表明：矿物质元素Cr、Cu、Se含量均低于1 mg/kg（干重）,Ca、Fe、K、Mg、Mn、Na、Zn含量分别为66.39~1609.81 mg/kg、4.35~ 38.93 mg/kg、1954.56~8762.78 mg/kg、149.04~1143.73 mg/kg、4.48~37.40 mg/kg、36.80~530.40 mg/kg、6.35~24.83 mg/kg。利用概率分级法将113份木薯种质资源灰分及矿物质元素含量分为5级,即极高、高、中、低和极低,并推荐极高品系作为基础亲本材料。在相关性分析中,灰分与Fe、Mg、Na、Zn含量具有较为显著的相关性,Ca含量与K、Mn含量呈极显著正相关,Ca含量与Mg、Na含量呈极显著负相关,Fe含量与Mg、Na、Zn含量成极显著正相关,K含量与Mn含量呈极显著正相关,与Na含量呈极显著负相关,Mg含量与Na、Zn含量呈极显著正相关,Zn含量与Mn、Na含量呈极显著正相关。Zn与各矿物质元素的吸收有较强的相互促进作用,Fe含量与Mg、Na含量有较强的相互促进作用,Ca含量与K、Mn的吸收有较强的促进作用,而Ca、K、Mn与Fe、Mg、Na的吸收可能存在一定的拮抗作用。结合主成分分析、聚类分析对不同木薯种质资源矿物质元素含量进行综合评价,得到特征值大于1的主成分2个,累计方差贡献率达61.707%。聚类分析可将113个木薯种质资源分为3类,根据矿物质元素含量差异可将不同木薯品种分为Na、Mg、Zn、Fe含量较高和Mn、Ca、K、Zn含量较高两大类,主成分综合评价中‘274'‘50'‘571'‘521'‘417'等木薯种质资源得分较高。

Difference Analysis of Main Mineral Elements in Different Cassava Germplasm Resources

In order to understand the mineral element content of different cassava germplasm resource and to select the germplasm with rich content, and provide data support for the comprehensive utilization of cassava, the contents of ash and mineral elements in 113 cassava germplasm resources were determined by muffle furnace method, atomic absorption spectrometry and atomic fluorescence spectrometry. The results showed that the content of mineral element of Cr, Cu and Se was lower than 1 mg/kg (dry weight), and the content of Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na and Zn was 66.39-1609.81 mg/kg, 4.35-38.93 mg/kg, 1954.56-8762.78 mg/kg, 149.04-1143.73 mg/kg, 4.48-37.40 mg/kg, 36.80-530.40 mg/kg, and 6.35- 24.83 mg/kg, respectively. The ash content and mineral element content of the 113 cassava varieties were divided into five grades by the probability grading method, namely extremely high, high, medium, low and very low. Extremely high strains were recommended as basic parent materials. In the correlation analysis, ash content had a significant correlation with Fe, Mg, Na and Zn content, Ca content had a very significant positive correlation with K and Mn content, Ca content had a very significant negative correlation with Mg and Na content, Fe content had a very significant positive correlation with Mg, Na and Zn content, K content had a very significant positive correlation with Mn content, a very significant negative correlation with Na content, Mg content had a very significant negative correlation with Na and Zn, and Zn content had a very significant positive correlation with Mn and Na content. Therefore, the absorption of Zn and various mineral elements in cassava germplasm resources had a strong mutual promotion, Fe content and Mg, Na content had a strong mutual promotion, Ca content and K, Mn content had a strong promotion, while the absorption of Ca, K, Mn and Fe, Mg, Na content may have a certain antagonistic effect. Further combined with principal component analysis and cluster analysis, the mineral element contents of different cassava varieties were comprehensively evaluated, and two principal components with eigenvalues greater than 1 was obtained, with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 61.707%. Cluster analysis could divide the 113 cassava varieties into three categories. According to the difference of mineral element contents, different cassava varieties could be divided into high Na, Mg, Zn, Fe content group and high Mn, Ca, K, Zn content group. Cassava varieties such as ‘274' ‘50' ‘571' ‘521' ‘417' had higher scores in the comprehensive evaluation of principal components.