热改性木材化学成分变化及其影响因素

木材易产生吸湿变形和腐朽等问题，影响其应用效果。热改性处理可有效提升木材的尺寸稳定性和耐久性，并具有无毒、环保的特点，是一种极具潜力的木材改性方法。文中综述了木材组分（纤维素、半纤维素、木质素、抽提物）在热改性过程中发生的化学变化，以及木材树种和部位、处理介质、处理温度和时间对木材热降解的影响。经不同热改性工艺处理后，木材的化学成分变化存在较大差异。探明热改性工艺、热改性材化学成分变化和性能之间的响应机制，将有助于开发或优化热改性技术，从而得到性能优异的热改性材，拓宽其应用领域。

Changes in Chemical Constituents of Thermally Modified Wood and Its Influencing Factors

Wood is vulnerable to hygroscopic deformation and decay, which adversely influence its application. Thermal modification, which is nontoxic and environment-friendly, is an effective wood modification method with great potential to enhance the dimensional stability and durability of wood. This paper summarizes the chemical changes of wood components (cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and extractives) during the thermal modification process, as well as the effects of wood species and parts, treatment atmosphere, treatment temperature and duration on wood thermal degradation. The changes in the chemical constituents of wood differ greatly with different thermal modification treatment processes. Therefore, the clarification of the response mechanism of thermal modification process, chemical constituent change and properties of thermally-modified wood will help to develop or optimize thermal modification technology, so as to obtain thermally modified wood with excellent performance and broaden their application fields.