不同节水方式对油菜水分利用、分配及产量的影响

以春油5号、夏绿2号为试验材料，设置畦灌（CK）、微喷带（T1）、膜下畦灌（T2）、膜下微喷（T3）4个灌溉处理，研究了不同节水方式对油菜产量和水分利用效率的影响。结果表明：春季油菜T1、T2、T3处理的经济产量分别比CK提高24.45%、45.99%、82.01%，经济产量灌溉水水分利用效率分别比CK提高33.35%、68.45%、148.08%，灌溉量分别比CK减少6.66%、13.31%和26.62%；秋季油菜T1、T2、T3处理的经济产量分别比CK提高15.29%、20.41%和36.73%，经济产量灌溉水水分利用效率分别提高22.37%、45.62%和77.79%，灌溉量分别比CK减少5.77%、17.32%和23.09%。与CK相比，T1、T2、T3处理均能改善灌溉水的分配，减少地面蒸发，提高蒸腾比例。综合考虑，T3处理的栽培效果最佳，是较理想的节水方式。

Influences of Different Water-saving Methods on Water Utilization,Distribution and Yield of Rape

To explore the effects of different water-saving methods on the yield and water use efficiency（WUE） of rape, this paper took Chunyou 5 and Xialyu 2 as test materials, and set four irrigation treatments including border irrigation (CK), micro-spraying belt (T1), border irrigation under the film (T2) and micro-spraying under the film (T3). The results showed that: compared with CK, the economic yields of spring rapeseed under T1, T2 and T3 treatments increased by 24.45%, 45.99% and 82.01%, WUEe increased by 33.35%, 68.45% and 148.08%, and the irrigation amounts decreased by 6.66%, 13.31% and 26.62%, respectively. In autumn, compared with CK, the economic yields of rapeseed under T1, T2 and T3 treatments increased by 15.29%, 2041% and 36.73%, WUEe increased by 22.37%, 45.62% and 77.79%, and the irrigation amounts decreased by 5.77%, 17.32% and 23.09%, respectively. Compared with CK, all three treatments could improve the distribution of irrigation water, reduce surface evaporation, and increase the transpiration ratio. Comprehensive consideration, T3 treatment had the best cultivation effect and was an ideal water-saving irrigation method.