重庆缙云山水源涵养林地土壤水文效应

土壤层是水源涵养林水文效应的第三活动层,对林分的水文效应起重要作用。以重庆缙云山不同配置模式水源涵养林的土壤为研究对象,分析了林分中具有代表性的马尾松×广东山胡椒混交林、四川大头茶×四川山矾混交林、毛竹×四川山矾×马尾松混交林、广东山胡椒×杉木混交林、马尾松×柳杉混交林对土壤水文生态效应的影响,以缙云山广泛分布的毛竹纯林作为参照。结果表明:总体上,随着土壤深度的增加,土壤容重呈增加的趋势,而孔隙度呈逐渐递减的趋势;各林分中以广东山胡椒×杉木混交林的土壤容重最小、孔隙度最大、最大持水量最大、渗透性能最好,马尾松×柳杉混交林次之,毛竹纯林最差。

Hydrological Effects of Soil in Water Conservation Forest in Jinyun Mountain of Chongqing

Soil layer is the third active layer of hydrological effects of water conservation forest and it is vital to the hydrological effects of stand.The paper analyzes Pinus massoniana and Lindera kwangtungensis mixed forest,Gordonia acuminata and Symplocos setchuensis mixed forest,Phyllostachys pubescens and Symplocos setchuensis and Pinus massoniana mixed forest,Lindera kwangtungensis and Cunninghamia lanceolata mixed forest,Pinus massoniana and Cryptomeria fortunei mixed forest those are representatives in stand having the hydrological and ecological effect of soil by taking the forest soil with different configurations modes of Jinyun Mountain in Chongqing as a study object and taking pure Phyllostachys pubescens forest which is widely distributed in Jinyun Mountain as a reference.The outcomes show that a) in general,the soil bulk density has the tendency of increase and the porosity has the tendency of decrease along with the increase of soil depth;b) among each stand,the soil bulk density of Lindera kwangtungensis and Cunninghamia lanceolata mixed forest is the smallest and the porosity the biggest,maximum moisture capacity the biggest and permeability the best,then is Pinus massoniana and Cryptomeria fortunei mixed forests,and the pure Phyllostachys pubescens forest is the worst.