欧李花粉微形态与矿质营养代谢及其相关性研究

以实生欧李群体为试材,采用扫描电镜观测方法,研究同一生境条件下欧李花粉超微形态结构以及花粉和成熟期果实中矿质元素含量变化及其相关关系,以期为欧李矿质营养代谢机制和钙高效基因型早期筛选提供理论参考.结果表明:欧李花粉形状为长球形或超长球形,极面观为三裂圆形,具三孔沟,按NPC系统分类属于N3P4C5型:花粉外壁纹饰呈穿孔纹饰、条纹-穿孔纹饰和条纹状纹饰三种类型；不同株系在花粉形状、大小、表面纹饰、极轴长(P)、赤道轴长(E)、P/E以及花粉和果实中矿质元素含量等生理形态指标变异较大.相关分析结果表明,花粉中Ca、Mg元素与花粉极轴和赤道轴呈显著或极显著正相关,花粉中K元素与赤道轴和P/E分别呈极显著负相关和显著正相关,花粉中Fe元素与赤道轴呈显著正相关；果实中Ca、K元素与极轴呈显著正相关；花粉和果实中Mn元素与P/E均呈显著负相关.

Studies on Relationship between Pollen Micro-morphology Characteristics and Mineral Elements Metabolism of Cerasus humilis

In order to explore the pollen morphological characteristics and the correlation with content variation of mineral elements in fruit at fruit maturation stage, seeded Cerasus humilis which living in the same circumstances were observed with Scanning Electron Microscope. It will contribute to the mechanism of mineral elements metabolism and high calcium gene early screening. The results showed that the pollen shapes of the Cerasus humilis were nearly prolate or perprolate with 3 colporate and 3 lobate circular in polar view, belong to N3P4C5 according to NPC Taxonomy method. The surface sculptures of Cerasus humilis can be divided into three groups: cavity sculpture group, stripe-with cavity-liked sculpture group and striated sculpture group. There were significant differences in the pollen shape, the grain size, the surface sculptures, the polar length (P), the equatorial length (E), the P/E value and mineral elements content in pollen and fruit between different plants. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive linear relationship of Ca and Mg elements in pollen and polar length (P) and the equatorial length (E). Significant negative correlation existed among K element in pollen and the equatorial length (E), while significant positive correlation existed among K element and the P/E value. Significant positive correlation also existed among Fe element in pollen and the Equatorial length (E) Ca and K elements in fruit were significant positive correlated with the pollen polar length. Mn element in fruit and pollen were significant negative correlated with P/E value.