在过量施氮农田中减氮和有机无机配施对土壤质量及作物产量的影响

针对云南省通海县过度施用氮肥、氮磷钾比例不协调、有机肥施用不足的现状,在田间布置了两季作物的有机无机配施及减氮试验,以研究不同施肥配比在烤烟-蔬菜轮作情况下对土壤质量指标及作物产量的影响.结果表明:在过量施氮的肥沃土壤上,施肥处理对土壤养分的动态变化趋势没有明显影响;在农户习惯施氮量的基础上减氮20%能够提高作物产量和品质;单施无机氮肥,会造成土壤pH、有机质明显下降,施用量越大,土壤酸化越严重,土壤阳离子交换量也有不同程度下降;单施有机肥,土壤质量改善明显,但对作物养分供应不及时,造成产量较低;减氮的同时配合有机肥的施用,在改善作物品质,提高作物产量方面均有较好表现,同时对土壤质量改善有明显效果.

The effect of fertilizer ratio and rate on soil quality and crop yields in the farmland of excessive use of nitrogenous fertilizers

Inadequate fertilizing,such as excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer,NPK ratio of non-conforming,insufficient application of organic,were prevalent in Tonghai county of Yunnan.Aim to illuminate the effect of fertilizer ratio and rate on soil quality and crop yields in vegetables and tobacco rotation.Field fertilization experiments with various rate of nitrogen and ratio organic to inorganic nitrogen fertilizer were carried out,going with continual soil test.The results showed that: Content of soil nu...