山西芦芽山自然保护区斑翅山鹑的生态研究

2011-2013年3-9月,在山西芦芽山自然保护区对斑翅山鹁的繁殖习性进行了观察研究,结果表明：本区斑翅山鹑为留鸟,在海拔1 400-1 480 m的低山丘陵灌草带种群数量居多,在海拔1 600-1700 m的低山疏林灌丛带较少,海拔1 700 m以上的地区没有该鸟活动。繁殖前3月的种群平均密度为0.15只/hm^2,繁殖后的9月种群平均密度为0.25只/hm^2。3月末至6月进入繁殖期,年繁殖1次,1雄1雌制;雌雄共同营巢,营巢期6-7 d;窝卵数13-15枚,雌鸡孵卵,孵化期23-24 d,孵化率93.8%,成活率88.6%,繁殖力6.5只;雏在巢时间5-7 h,雏鸟早成性,雌雄鸡共同完成巢外育雏。近年来,斑翅山鹑的种群数量呈下降趋势,应加强保护。

Breeding Ecology of Daurian Partridge in Shanxi Luya Mountain Nature Reserve

We studied the breeding ecology and life habits of Daurian Partridge（Perdix dauurica）from March to September during 2011 to 2013 in Shanxi Luya Mountain Nature Reserve.Daurian Partridge is a resident species in this area and population numbers were larger at elevations of 1400-1480 m in low mountains and hilly shrub grassland.Population numbers were lower at elevations of 1600-1700 m in a low mountain shrub belt.No partridges were recorded above 1700 m elevation.Before breeding the average population density was 0.15 bird/hm^2 in March and after breeding the average density was 0.25 bird/hm^2 in September.The breeding period of Daurian Partridge was from the end of March to June.Daurian Partridge is monogamous and breeds once each year.Males and females nested together for six to seven days.Clutch sizes ranged from 13-15 and females incubated alone for 23-24 days.The hatching rate was 93.8%,the fledging rate was 88.6%.Average fecundity was 6.5 eggs/nest.Nest brooding time was 5- 7 h daily.Nestlings were precocious.Males and females jointly tended nestlings and fledglings.In recent years,the population of Daurian Partridge has declined and strengthened protection is recommended for the population of Daurian Partridge.