固液两相流离心泵流动特性及磨损问题研究进展

由于离心泵应用场合广泛,时常输送含有固体颗粒物的流体介质,固液两相流成为离心泵内流动特性研究的一个常见问题.固相介质的加入,导致扬程和效率的下降,甚至造成泵内壁面严重的磨损,对离心泵的运行性能产生较大的影响,降低了离心泵的持续运行寿命.基于以上问题,国内外学者通过理论分析、试验研究以及数值模拟等方法,对离心泵固液两相流问题开展了大量研究,基本掌握了颗粒在离心泵内的运动分布规律及其对过流部件的磨损情况.颗粒的粒径、密度、体积分数以及离心泵的运行工况都将对泵内固液两相流动产生较大程度的影响.文中从固液两相流动特性和磨损问题这2方面介绍了离心泵固液两相流动的研究现状,并综述了主要研究方法和研究成果,为进一步优化水力及结构设计、提高固液两相流离心泵的性能和可靠性、改善磨损状况提供了一定的参考及研究基础.

Research progress on solid-liquid two-phase flow characteristics and erosion of centrifugal pump

Due to the wide application of centrifugal pump, the solid-liquid two-phase flow has become a common problem in the study of flow characteristics in centrifugal pump. The addition of solid medium leads to the decline of head and efficiency, and even causes serious wear on the inner surface of the pump, which has a great impact on the operation performance of the centrifugal pump and reduces the continuous operation life of the centrifugal pump. In view of the above problems, the research status of solid-liquid two-phase flow in centrifugal pump from the aspects of solid-liquid two-phase flow characteristics and wear were introduced, and the main research methods and research results were summarized, including particle size, density, volume fraction and operating conditions of the centrifugal pump, which provides a certain reference and research basis for further optimizing hydraulic and structural design, improving the performance, reliability of solid-liquid two-phase flow in centrifugal pump, and wear condition.