动态水压坡地喷灌系统多目标技术参数优化

动态水压供水能够有效提高坡地喷灌水量分布均匀性.为优选出满足喷灌质量要求且经济投入较少双重目标的动态水压坡地喷灌技术参数,以喷头间距、布置方式和动压参数(基础水压、振幅)等需要优化的技术参数为投入指标,以喷灌强度、喷灌均匀度、初始投资和年运行费为产出指标,应用数据包络分析法(DEA)评价决策单元(DMU)有效性,并对非有效DMU进行改进;结合对抗型交叉评价对技术参数做优劣排序,构建了动态水压坡地喷灌技术参数的优化方法.以雨鸟R5000喷头为研究对象,在苜蓿种植面积为1 hm²的坡地上(坡度为10%)进行喷灌系统田间工程设计,最终优选出交叉评价效率最大的动态水压坡地喷灌技术参数:喷头宜采用间距为8 m的正方形布置,基础水压为300 kPa,振幅为50 kPa.

Multi-objective technical parameters optimization of sprinkler irrigation system with dynamic hydraulic pressure on sloping land

Dynamic hydraulic water supply can effectively improve the distribution uniformity of sprinkler irrigation on sloping land. In order to optimize the technical parameters of dynamic hydraulic pressure sprinkler irrigation meeting the dual objectives requirements of sprinkler irrigation quality and less economic input, the technical parameters such as sprinkler spacing, layout mode, dynamic pressure parameters(average pulsating pressure, amplitude)and other technical parameters were chosen as input indicators. Taking the sprinkler irrigation intensity, uniformity, initial investment and annual ope-ration cost as output indicators, the effectiveness of DMU was evaluated by data envelopment analysis(DEA), and non-effective DMU was improved. Combined with the antagonistic cross evaluation, the technical parameters were sorted, and the optimization method of technical parameters was constructed. Taking sprinkler Rainbird R5000 as the research objective, the field engineering design of sprinkler irrigation system was carried out on the slope where alfalfa was planting area of 1 hm²(slope of 10%). Finally, the dynamic hydraulic slope sprinkler irrigation technical parameters with the maximum value of cross-evaluation efficiency were optimized as follows: the sprinkler should be arranged in a square with a spacing of 8 m, the average water pressure was 300 kPa, and the amplitude of water pressure was 50 kPa.