基于清单算法的湖北省土地利用碳排放效应和趋势分析

土地利用/覆被变化是仅次于化石燃料燃烧的大气CO₂浓度急剧增加的最主要的人为原因，也是影响陆地生态系统碳循环的主要因素。结合国内外低碳经济和低碳土地利用的研究背景和实践，以湖北省为研究区域，采用样地清单法计算2003—2010年间湖北省的土地利用碳排放量，分析不同土地利用方式的碳排放效应和趋势。得出的主要结论如下:（1）湖北省土地利用总碳排放量从2003年的4 921.997万t增加到2010年的9 124.897万t，呈显著上升趋势；（2）耕地和建设用地是主要的碳源。其中耕地的碳排放量成递减趋势，从2003年的265.176万t减少到2010年的262.189万t，建设用地的碳排放量呈快速上升趋势，从2003年的5 194.871万t增加到2010年的9 414.589万t；（3）林地是主要的碳汇，从2003年的536.645万t增加为550.607万t，林地的碳汇功能逐年加强。通过对不同土地利用方式的碳排放效应和趋势研究，为湖北省低碳土地利用结构优化提供了依据。

Analysis on Effects of Land Use on Carbon Emission and the Trend in Hubei Province Based on IPCC Inventory

Land use/cover change is the primary human factor influencing carbon cycle of terrestrial ecosystem, which only ranks behind fossil fuel usage. In this paper, IPCC inventory method is adopted for the evaluation of carbon emission of land use in Hubei province between 2003 and 2010, and carbon emissions of different land use types and the trends were analyzed. The main conclusions are: (1) the total carbon emission of land use in Hubei increased obviously from 49.219 97 million tons in 2003 to 91.248 97 million tons in 2010; (2) cultivated land and construction land are the primary sources for carbon emission. Carbon emission of cultivated land in Hubei decreased from 2.651 76 million tons in 2003 to 2.621 89 million tons in 2010. And that of construction land has opposite trend, increasing from 51.948 71 million tons in 2003 to 94.14589 million tons in 2010; (3) forest land is the primary carbon sink, in which the carbon storage in Hubei increased slightly from 5.36645 million tons in 2003 to 5.506 07 million tons. The carbon emission effects and trends of different land use types in Hubei offered scientific basis for its low-carbon land use structure optimization.