基于TM像元的湿地土地利用生态风险评价研究

为探讨人类活动对湿地土地利用生态风险的影响，以安徽省升金湖国家自然保护区为研究区，利用1986年、2002年、2011年TM遥感影像，将土地利用类型分为8类:建设用地、草地、耕地、林地、水域、未利用地、交通用地、园地，获取不同时期的土地利用变化信息，并结合社会经济等数据，以GIS为数据分析手段，通过多元线型回归及主成分分析，建立土地利用生态风险评价模型并将土地利用生态风险指数及社会经济因子予以像元化，分析升金湖湿地土地利用生态风险时空演变规律。结果表明:1986—2011年，升金湖地区耕地面积逐渐减少，建设用地和交通用地逐渐增加，受人类经济活动的影响，保护区土地利用生态风险不断上升，生态风险面积不断扩大，其中核心区和实验区变化剧烈，而缓冲区变化相对稳定。

Study on Ecological Risk Assessment of Shengjing Lake Wetland Land Use Based on TM Image Pixels

In order to investigate the effect of human activities on land use ecological risk for wetland, this article took National Nature Reserve in Anhui Shengjin Lake, and used the remote sensing for TM image in 1986, 2002, 2011 to divide the land use types into 8 categories such as construction land, grassland, farmland, woodland, water, unutilized land, traffic land and gardens, then the land use change information in different periods was gained, and the land use ecological risk assessment model was established to made the land ecological risk index and social economic factors to pixel through multiple linear regression and principal component analysis by combining social and economic data, and takimg GIS technology as data analysis measures. The temporal and spatial evolution of land use ecological risk in Shengjin Lake Wetland was analyzed. The results showec that cultivated land area of Shengjin Lake wetland decreased, construction land and traffic land increased from 1986 to 2011, which was influenced by human economic activities,the ecological risk constantly increased, and the ecological risk area expanded rapidly. Especially, the change of the core area and experimental area which was most obvious, and the buffer area change was slow.