豫西旱地小麦不同种植方式增产效应分析

在豫西旱地对小麦地膜覆盖、秸秆覆盖、沟播、平播(CK)等不同种植方式的增产效应进行对比研究,结果表明:地膜覆盖、秸秆覆盖、沟播三种种植方式都有增温保墒的作用;地膜覆盖的增温作用主要表现在白天,秸秆覆盖、沟播的增温效应主要表现在夜晚;地膜覆盖、秸秆覆盖、沟播的保墒作用表现在小麦拔节前;地膜覆盖、秸秆覆盖、沟播可增加旱地小麦的次生根、分蘖、叶面积、穗数、穗粒数、粒重,能有效提高旱地小麦产量,其增产效应为秸秆覆盖>地膜覆盖>沟播>平播。与平播相比,前三者的增产幅度分别达17.8%、16.6%、12.0%。

Analysis of yield increasing effect of wheat under different planting patterns in drylands in west Henan

The effects of different planting patterns including plastic film mulch,straw mulch,furrow sowing and traditional cultivation on dryland wheat were researched in west Henan.The results showed that plastic film mulch,straw mulch and furrow sowing could increase soil temperature and improve soil moisture.The temperature increase effect of plastic film mulch was found chiefly in the daytime,while that of straw mulch and furrow sowing was found in the night.The effect of soil moisture preservation of these three patterns was behaved before the elongating stage.The plastic film mulch,straw mulch and furrow sowing could also increased the number of secondary roots,number of tillers,leaf area,number of spikes,grains per spike and grain weight,and raise the grain yield of dryland wheat obviously.The order of yield was: plastic film mulch>straw mulch>furrow sowing>traditional cultivation,and the yield increase rates of the first three treatments were 17.8%,16.6% and 12.0% respectively as compared with the traditional cultivation.