2008年南方雪灾对川南丛生竹的影响

本文对四川省长宁县51种丛生竹在2008年南方雪灾中的冻害情况进行比较分析,结果显示:(1)51个竹种平均受冻级达3.2级,受冻死亡的竹种为14个,仅3个竹种小琴丝竹;鹅毛竹、粉单竹没有受冻害影响;(2)调查的15个属的箭竹属、空竹属、泰竹属、香竹属、巨竹属等5个属11个种全部受冻死亡:其他10属受冻的大小排序为:簩竹属>滇竹属>牡竹属>大明竹属>簩竹属=绿竹属>箬竹属>酸竹属>慈竹属>倭竹属;(3)以乡土竹种和引至南昌的竹种受冻最轻;其次是引至杭州、南京的竹种受冻相对相轻;引至南宁的竹种受害中等,冻害最严重是来至热带(西双版纳)的竹种,其死亡率达78%;综合分析表明:受冻程度与引种地有关,气候相似的程度越高,丛生竹受冻也越轻,丛生竹的引种仍然要以气候相似性为基础.

Impact of the Snow Disaster Occurred in 2008 in South China to the Clump Bamboo in South Sichuan

Impact of snow disaster in January,2008 was investigated to 51 native and introduced clump bamboo species in a Bamboo Garden of Changning county,Sichuan Province.The results indicated that:1)The average frozen degree of the 51 species was 3.2,and among them 14 species were died,and only 3 species(Bambusa multiplex cv.Alphonse,Shibataea chinensis and Bambusa chungii)were not affected.2)Totally 11 species from 5 out of 15 genus,which were argesia,Cephalostachyum,Thyrsostachys,Cephalostachyum and Gigantochloa respectively were died out of freezing;The rank of frozen degree of 10 other genera was:Schizostachyum>Oxytenanthera>Dendrocalamus>Pleioblastus>Bambusa=Dendrocalamopsis>Indocalamus>Acidosasa>Neosinocalamus>Shibataea.3)The frozen degrees were the lightest of native bamboo species and species introduced from Nanchang,followed by those from Hangzhou,Nanjing.Species introduced from Nanning were frozen at middle extent,and the most serious frozen species were that from tropic area(Xishuanbanna),whose the mortality were up at 78%.The results showed the frozen degree was related with the origins.The more similar the climates were to the origins,the lighter damage the clump bamboo suffered of species from Menglen vivarium of tropic region suffered the most serious damage.The results suggested that the introduction of clump bamboo species should be based on the similarity of the climate,and bamboo species introduced in the south should pass the low temperature test before large scale demonstration.