不同剂量VB6、COB对苹果幼树生物学性状和理化性质的影响

以富士/平邑甜茶(M.hupehensis)二年生幼树为试材,研究盆栽条件下土壤中施加不同剂量的维生素B_6(VB_6)和复合维生素B(C_OB)对苹果幼树生物学性状和理化性质的影响。于2016年在山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院果树根系实验室进行富士苹果盆栽试验。5月26对富士苹果土施VB_6、C_OB,剂量分别为0,0.02,0.03,0.04g/株。6—10月测定外源维生素条件下苹果幼树株高、茎粗,叶面积,叶片抗氧化酶活性,叶绿素相对含量,光合荧光参数以及根系的生长分布状况。研究表明,不同剂量VB_6和C_OB对苹果幼树株高、茎粗,植株生物量,叶面积,叶片抗氧化酶活性,光合荧光参数和根系分布情况有不同程度的影响。盆施不同剂量VB_6、C_OB显著改善了植株生长势,叶面积以VB_6 0.03g增加最显著为22%,植株地上部分以C_OB 0.04g处理对植株株高、茎粗和新梢长度增加最显著,株高、茎粗和新梢长度在10月相比对照分别增加了24%,34%和45%,VB_6 0.03g与C_OB 0.04g两处理间无显著性差异;地下部分,VB_6 0.03g与C_O B 0.04g两处理对根系干鲜重、总长度、总体积和总表面积增加尤为显著,根尖数和根系分叉数也显著增加。VB_6 0.02g和C_OB 0.02g剂量下苹果幼树叶片抗氧化酶活性相比对照无显著性差异,VB_6 0.03g与C_OB 0.04g植株抗性得到显著性增强,抗氧化酶活性显著提高。此外,苹果幼树叶片叶绿素相对含量显著提高、光合荧光特性也得到显著性改善,且VB_6 0.03g与C_OB 0.04g两处理间无显著性差异。综合研究结果,VB_60.03g/株和C_OB 0.04g/株对苹果幼树的生物学性状和理化性质影响最显著,鉴于C_OB的有效施用剂量和市场价格均高于VB_6,推荐施用VB_6来改善土壤营养条件。

Effects of Different Doses of VB6 and COB on Biological Characteristics and Physicochemical Properties of Young Apple Trees

The Fuji / M. hupehensis. Biennial plants were selected, and the different doses of vitamin B6 (VB6) and compound vitamin B (COB) were added under pot experiments to study the effects on biological characteristics and physicochemical properties of apple trees. The pot experiments were carried out in 2006. VB6 and COB were added into the soil of Fuji on 26th May. And the doses were 0 (control), 0.02, 0.03, 0.04 g/plant respectively.The plant height, diameter, leaf area, leaf antioxidant activity, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic fluorescence parameters and the growth and distribution of roots were determined. The results showed that different doses of VB6 and COB had different effects on plant height, stem diameter, plant biomass, leaf area and antioxidant activity, photosynthetic fluorescence parameters and root distribution of apple trees.The plant growth was significantly improved by the addition of VB6 and COB. COB of 0.04 g/plant treatment had the most significant effects on aboveground growth, and VB6 with 0.03 g/plant increased leaf area most significantly, i.e. 22%. The plant height, stem diameter and tip length were increased by 24%, 34%and 45% significantly, compared with the control in October, and no significant difference were observed between VB6 of 0.03 g/plant and COB of 0.04 g/plant. The total length, weight, volume and surface area of the underground were significant improved under VB6 of 0.03 g/plant and COB of 0.04 g/plant, and the number of root tip and bifurcation also increased significantly. There was no significant difference in antioxidant enzyme activities of apple leaves under VB6 of 0.02 g/plant and COB of 0.02 g/plant, compared with control. The resistance of plants was significantly enhanced under VB6 of 0.03 g/plant and COB of 0.04 g/plant, with the increased activities of antioxidant enzymes. The chlorophyll contents in apple leaves were significantly improved, and the photosynthetic fluorescence characteristics were also improved remarkably, and there was no significant difference between VB6 of 0.03 g/plant and COB of 0.04 g/plant. The results showed that VB6 of 0.03 g/plant and COB of 0.04 g/plant had the most significant effect on the biological traits and physicochemical properties of apple trees. In view of the higher effective dose and cost of COB, it was recommended to use VB6 to improve soil nutritional conditions.