Current knowledge of nocardiosis in teleost fish |
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| Authors: | S Maekawa T Yoshida P‐C Wang S‐C Chen |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan;2. Department of Marine Biology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Miyazaki University, Miyazaki, Japan;3. Southern Taiwan Fish Disease Centre, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan;4. International Degree Program of Ornamental Fish Science and Technology, International College, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan |
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| Abstract: | Nocardia sp. is the causative agent of nocardiosis, a lethal granulomatous disease of the skin, muscle, and various inner tissues affecting various teleost and shellfish. Four species of Nocardia have been isolated from diseased fish and shellfish, namely Nocardia asteroides, Nocardia seriolae, Nocardia salmonicida and Nocardia crassostreae. Therefore, in fish aquaculture, nocardiosis has caused severe economic losses, especially in the Asian region. Considerable research has been performed, since the first report of identified Nocardia sp. in fish, to characterize Nocardia sp. and identify rapid detection techniques, immune response against infection and prophylactic approaches. In this review, the current state of knowledge about nocardiosis in fish has been presented, including the pathogenesis, diagnosis, host immune response and vaccine development. |
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| Keywords: | immune response
Nocardia asteroides
Nocardia salmonicida
Nocardia seriolae
nocardiosis pathology |
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