不同秋眠级紫花苜蓿品种生产性能的对比分析研究

为获得适宜在北京地区种植的优良休眠型苜蓿品种,并利用苜蓿品种的休眠级数来指导国内苜蓿种植区划。采用随机区组法,进行了7个不同休眠级紫花苜蓿(Medicagosativa)在北京地区的生产性能对比分析田间试验研究,在2010年8月—2011年10月,连续2年对紫花苜蓿的出苗时间、越冬率、生长速度、再生性、草产量、干鲜比、茎叶比进行测定。结果表明:不同休眠类型的紫花苜蓿生产性能存在显著差异(P<0.05),不同品种草产量存在显著差异(P<0.05),半秋眠苜蓿的鲜草产量显著高于非秋眠苜蓿,秋眠性强的品种越冬存活率高,所有品种草产量第一茬>第二茬>第三茬;在北京地区,应主要考虑秋眠和半秋眠的高产品种的培育与引进,秋眠型和半秋眠型的紫花苜蓿均可安全越冬,生产性能较好,适宜北京地区种植,非秋眠型(7～9级)的紫花苜蓿其越冬率相对较低,植株存活率低,生产性能较低,若要在北京地区种植需采取其他农艺措施提高其越冬存活率。

Comparatively Analysis the Production Performance of Different Dormant Alfalfa

In order to obtain some dormancy alfalfa varieties that suited in Beijing Region, and used dormancy series of alfalfa to guide the domestic alfalfa planting regionalization. This article adopted a randomized block design, comparatively analysis the production performance of 7 different nondormant alfalfa in the Beijing Region. In 2010 August to 2011 October, the germination time of alfalfa, winter survival rate, growth rate, renewability, grass yield, ratio of dry and fresh weight, leaf stem ratio were determined. The results showed that different types of nondormant alfalfa had significant difference （P〈0.05） on production performance, the grass yield of different varieties were significantly difference （P〈0.05）, the grass yield of semi-dormant alfalfa were significantly higher than that nondormant alfalfa. The grass yield of all varieties the first stubble〉second stubble〉third stubble. In the Beijing area, we basically should consider the cultivation and the introduction of dormancy and semi-dormant alfalfa of high-yield, the dormant and semi-dormant alfalfa could safely survived over the winter and the production performance were well that were suitable plant in Beijing area, if we cultivated nondormant alfalfa that had low survival rate, plant survival rate and productivity （7-9） in Beijing area we should adopted other agronomic measures to improve the survival rate.